Sonoma: math · Schoolio

The shaded band is this county's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	93,754	2414.7	− 2436	−21.3	× 5314 / 36138	−3.1
4	93,757	2453.8	− 2485	−31.2	× 5205 / 36138	−4.5
5	93,758	2478.8	− 2528	−49.2	× 5361 / 36138	−7.3
6	93,761	2506.2	− 2552	−45.8	× 5180 / 36138	−6.6
7	93,762	2523.0	− 2567	−44	× 5238 / 36138	−6.4
8	93,765	2539.3	− 2586	−46.7	× 5204 / 36138	−6.7
11	93,766	2567.0	− 2628	−61	× 4636 / 36138	−7.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−42

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	87,115	2423.4	− 2436	−12.6	× 5027 / 36001	−1.8
4	87,117	2458.6	− 2485	−26.4	× 5325 / 36001	−3.9
5	87,119	2483.8	− 2528	−44.2	× 5215 / 36001	−6.4
6	87,121	2509.5	− 2552	−42.5	× 5358 / 36001	−6.3
7	87,124	2530.7	− 2567	−36.3	× 5194 / 36001	−5.2
8	87,126	2538.6	− 2586	−47.4	× 5273 / 36001	−6.9
11	87,128	2571.3	− 2628	−56.7	× 4609 / 36001	−7.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−38

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,558	2425.2	− 2436	−10.8	× 5091 / 35889	−1.5
4	89,560	2461.9	− 2485	−23.1	× 5000 / 35889	−3.2
5	89,562	2481.6	− 2528	−46.4	× 5296 / 35889	−6.8
6	89,565	2510.5	− 2552	−41.5	× 5196 / 35889	−6
7	89,566	2527.0	− 2567	−40	× 5338 / 35889	−5.9
8	89,569	2538.3	− 2586	−47.7	× 5183 / 35889	−6.9
11	89,571	2564.1	− 2628	−63.9	× 4785 / 35889	−8.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−39

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,769	2430.0	− 2436	−6	× 4246 / 28022	−0.9
4	89,772	2468.5	− 2485	−16.5	× 4337 / 28022	−2.6
5	89,773	2488.1	− 2528	−39.9	× 4337 / 28022	−6.2
6	89,776	2513.6	− 2552	−38.4	× 4601 / 28022	−6.3
7	89,777	2526.3	− 2567	−40.7	× 3658 / 28022	−5.3
8	89,780	2540.4	− 2586	−45.6	× 3778 / 28022	−6.1
11	89,781	2568.4	− 2628	−59.6	× 3065 / 28022	−6.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−34

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,401	2428.1	− 2436	−7.9	× 5061 / 35202	−1.1
4	90,402	2469.5	− 2485	−15.5	× 4899 / 35202	−2.2
5	90,403	2492.2	− 2528	−35.8	× 5051 / 35202	−5.1
6	90,404	2516.5	− 2552	−35.5	× 5001 / 35202	−5
7	90,405	2522.4	− 2567	−44.6	× 5277 / 35202	−6.7
8	90,406	2532.3	− 2586	−53.7	× 5122 / 35202	−7.8
11	90,407	2549.7	− 2628	−78.3	× 4791 / 35202	−10.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−39

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	88,567	2412.8	− 2436	−23.2	× 464 / 5365	−2
4	88,568	2459.6	− 2485	−25.4	× 486 / 5365	−2.3
5	88,569	2479.9	− 2528	−48.1	× 497 / 5365	−4.5
6	88,570	2508.4	− 2552	−43.6	× 521 / 5365	−4.2
7	88,571	2550.4	− 2567	−16.6	× 1008 / 5365	−3.1
8	88,572	2546.8	− 2586	−39.2	× 993 / 5365	−7.3
11	88,573	2580.5	− 2628	−47.5	× 1396 / 5365	−12.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−36

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,659	2414.6	− 2436	−21.4	× 4467 / 31790	−3
4	90,660	2448.8	− 2485	−36.2	× 4410 / 31790	−5
5	90,661	2472.2	− 2528	−55.8	× 4655 / 31790	−8.2
6	90,662	2496.0	− 2552	−56	× 4804 / 31790	−8.5
7	90,663	2506.1	− 2567	−60.9	× 4541 / 31790	−8.7
8	90,664	2511.6	− 2586	−74.4	× 4707 / 31790	−11
11	90,665	2536.1	− 2628	−91.9	× 4206 / 31790	−12.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−57

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,561	2414.9	− 2436	−21.1	× 4436 / 32050	−2.9
4	90,562	2459.8	− 2485	−25.2	× 4512 / 32050	−3.5
5	90,563	2475.0	− 2528	−53	× 4430 / 32050	−7.3
6	90,564	2499.0	− 2552	−53	× 4714 / 32050	−7.8
7	90,565	2502.3	− 2567	−64.7	× 4770 / 32050	−9.6
8	90,566	2502.8	− 2586	−83.2	× 4629 / 32050	−12
11	90,567	2536.5	− 2628	−91.5	× 4559 / 32050	−13
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−56

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,490	2414.6	− 2436	−21.4	× 4415 / 32109	−2.9
4	90,491	2453.5	− 2485	−31.5	× 4459 / 32109	−4.4
5	90,492	2480.1	− 2528	−47.9	× 4571 / 32109	−6.8
6	90,493	2496.6	− 2552	−55.4	× 4484 / 32109	−7.7
7	90,494	2505.3	− 2567	−61.7	× 4747 / 32109	−9.1
8	90,495	2510.5	− 2586	−75.5	× 4877 / 32109	−11.5
11	90,496	2534.4	− 2628	−93.6	× 4556 / 32109	−13.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−56

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,168	2417.8	− 2436	−18.2	× 4680 / 32456	−2.6
4	90,169	2454.5	− 2485	−30.5	× 4510 / 32456	−4.2
5	90,170	2473.6	− 2528	−54.4	× 4543 / 32456	−7.6
6	90,171	2505.4	− 2552	−46.6	× 4652 / 32456	−6.7
7	90,172	2509.2	− 2567	−57.8	× 4572 / 32456	−8.1
8	90,173	2516.6	− 2586	−69.4	× 4799 / 32456	−10.3
11	90,174	2540.8	− 2628	−87.2	× 4700 / 32456	−12.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−52

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,839	2414.1	− 2436	−21.9	× 4389 / 31645	−3
4	89,840	2456.0	− 2485	−29	× 4695 / 31645	−4.3
5	89,841	2476.9	− 2528	−51.1	× 4503 / 31645	−7.3
6	89,842	2497.5	− 2552	−54.5	× 4555 / 31645	−7.8
7	89,843	2514.9	− 2567	−52.1	× 4564 / 31645	−7.5
8	89,844	2519.8	− 2586	−66.2	× 4500 / 31645	−9.4
11	89,845	2537.8	− 2628	−90.2	× 4439 / 31645	−12.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−52

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −42, −38, −39, −34, −39, −36, −57, −56, −56, −52, −52 → −45.5
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 4 · 2016→2017: 1 · 2017→2018: 5 · 2018→2019: 5 · 2019→2021: 3 · 2021→2022: 21 · 2022→2023: 1 · 2023→2024: 0 · 2024→2025: 4 · 2025→2026: 0 → average 4.4
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 4.4 × 2.66 = 11.7. Upper limit −33.8, lower limit −57.2.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a county, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.