Milpitas Unified: math

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,641	2462.4	− 2436	26.4	× 777 / 5327	3.9
4	89,643	2500.4	− 2485	15.4	× 754 / 5327	2.2
5	89,645	2531.7	− 2528	3.7	× 740 / 5327	0.5
6	89,647	2565.0	− 2552	13	× 788 / 5327	1.9
7	89,649	2583.9	− 2567	16.9	× 773 / 5327	2.5
8	89,651	2604.0	− 2586	18	× 748 / 5327	2.5
11	89,653	2620.7	− 2628	−7.3	× 747 / 5327	−1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						12

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	83,130	2466.2	− 2436	30.2	× 735 / 5319	4.2
4	83,131	2516.6	− 2485	31.6	× 790 / 5319	4.7
5	83,134	2538.3	− 2528	10.3	× 762 / 5319	1.5
6	83,136	2585.3	− 2552	33.3	× 739 / 5319	4.6
7	83,137	2591.7	− 2567	24.7	× 788 / 5319	3.7
8	83,140	2632.3	− 2586	46.3	× 771 / 5319	6.7
11	83,142	2622.6	− 2628	−5.4	× 734 / 5319	−0.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						25

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,459	2465.7	− 2436	29.7	× 757 / 5418	4.1
4	85,461	2507.0	− 2485	22	× 740 / 5418	3
5	85,464	2543.6	− 2528	15.6	× 814 / 5418	2.3
6	85,466	2583.0	− 2552	31	× 746 / 5418	4.3
7	85,468	2607.6	− 2567	40.6	× 734 / 5418	5.5
8	85,470	2634.3	− 2586	48.3	× 787 / 5418	7
11	85,471	2635.9	− 2628	7.9	× 840 / 5418	1.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						28

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,682	2474.6	− 2436	38.6	× 706 / 5183	5.3
4	85,683	2511.8	− 2485	26.8	× 732 / 5183	3.8
5	85,686	2539.1	− 2528	11.1	× 741 / 5183	1.6
6	85,687	2594.9	− 2552	42.9	× 805 / 5183	6.7
7	85,690	2601.3	− 2567	34.3	× 731 / 5183	4.8
8	85,691	2642.3	− 2586	56.3	× 738 / 5183	8
11	85,694	2638.4	− 2628	10.4	× 730 / 5183	1.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						32

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,275	2477.7	− 2436	41.7	× 728 / 5114	5.9
4	86,276	2513.2	− 2485	28.2	× 709 / 5114	3.9
5	86,277	2545.9	− 2528	17.9	× 714 / 5114	2.5
6	86,278	2576.8	− 2552	24.8	× 760 / 5114	3.7
7	86,279	2621.5	− 2567	54.5	× 792 / 5114	8.4
8	86,280	2623.0	− 2586	37	× 732 / 5114	5.3
11	86,281	2646.8	− 2628	18.8	× 679 / 5114	2.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						32

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
11	84,501	2673.9	− 2628	45.9	× 547 / 547	45.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						46

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,494	2481.9	− 2436	45.9	× 758 / 4734	7.3
4	86,495	2517.6	− 2485	32.6	× 757 / 4734	5.2
5	86,496	2543.0	− 2528	15	× 668 / 4734	2.1
6	86,497	2575.6	− 2552	23.6	× 744 / 4734	3.7
7	86,498	2599.9	− 2567	32.9	× 667 / 4734	4.6
8	86,499	2614.3	− 2586	28.3	× 695 / 4734	4.2
11	86,500	2645.7	− 2628	17.7	× 445 / 4734	1.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						29

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,408	2477.8	− 2436	41.8	× 784 / 5159	6.4
4	86,409	2522.6	− 2485	37.6	× 771 / 5159	5.6
5	86,410	2542.3	− 2528	14.3	× 767 / 5159	2.1
6	86,411	2579.2	− 2552	27.2	× 670 / 5159	3.5
7	86,412	2609.1	− 2567	42.1	× 725 / 5159	5.9
8	86,413	2614.5	− 2586	28.5	× 683 / 5159	3.8
11	86,414	2636.5	− 2628	8.5	× 759 / 5159	1.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						29

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,396	2479.5	− 2436	43.5	× 782 / 5240	6.5
4	86,397	2521.9	− 2485	36.9	× 808 / 5240	5.7
5	86,398	2544.9	− 2528	16.9	× 778 / 5240	2.5
6	86,399	2583.2	− 2552	31.2	× 769 / 5240	4.6
7	86,400	2602.2	− 2567	35.2	× 679 / 5240	4.6
8	86,401	2628.8	− 2586	42.8	× 738 / 5240	6
11	86,402	2623.2	− 2628	−4.8	× 686 / 5240	−0.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						29

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,080	2487.1	− 2436	51.1	× 755 / 5303	7.3
4	86,081	2524.1	− 2485	39.1	× 798 / 5303	5.9
5	86,082	2553.5	− 2528	25.5	× 797 / 5303	3.8
6	86,083	2588.3	− 2552	36.3	× 791 / 5303	5.4
7	86,084	2611.2	− 2567	44.2	× 750 / 5303	6.3
8	86,085	2637.6	− 2586	51.6	× 674 / 5303	6.6
11	86,086	2631.9	− 2628	3.9	× 738 / 5303	0.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						36

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 12, 25, 28, 32, 32, 46, 29, 29, 29, 36 → 29.8
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 13 · 2016→2017: 3 · 2017→2018: 4 · 2018→2019: 0 · 2019→2021: 14 · 2021→2022: 17 · 2022→2023: 0 · 2023→2024: 0 · 2024→2025: 7 → average 6.4
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 6.4 × 2.66 = 17. Upper limit 46.8, lower limit 12.8.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.