Milpitas Unified: english

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,642	2443.0	− 2432	11	× 777 / 5318	1.6
4	89,644	2490.8	− 2473	17.8	× 755 / 5318	2.5
5	89,646	2533.2	− 2502	31.2	× 741 / 5318	4.3
6	89,648	2562.6	− 2531	31.6	× 787 / 5318	4.7
7	89,650	2583.4	− 2552	31.4	× 764 / 5318	4.5
8	89,652	2597.5	− 2567	30.5	× 743 / 5318	4.3
11	89,654	2636.1	− 2583	53.1	× 751 / 5318	7.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						29

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	83,129	2450.8	− 2432	18.8	× 730 / 5288	2.6
4	83,132	2503.7	− 2473	30.7	× 784 / 5288	4.6
5	83,133	2537.4	− 2502	35.4	× 762 / 5288	5.1
6	83,135	2576.7	− 2531	45.7	× 735 / 5288	6.4
7	83,138	2600.0	− 2552	48	× 775 / 5288	7
8	83,139	2622.1	− 2567	55.1	× 765 / 5288	8
11	83,141	2647.2	− 2583	64.2	× 737 / 5288	8.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						43

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,460	2449.1	− 2432	17.1	× 742 / 5354	2.4
4	85,462	2490.7	− 2473	17.7	× 731 / 5354	2.4
5	85,463	2541.2	− 2502	39.2	× 798 / 5354	5.8
6	85,465	2571.7	− 2531	40.7	× 743 / 5354	5.6
7	85,467	2605.8	− 2552	53.8	× 722 / 5354	7.3
8	85,469	2613.9	− 2567	46.9	× 776 / 5354	6.8
11	85,472	2654.1	− 2583	71.1	× 842 / 5354	11.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						42

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,681	2464.7	− 2432	32.7	× 705 / 5159	4.5
4	85,684	2502.3	− 2473	29.3	× 727 / 5159	4.1
5	85,685	2541.7	− 2502	39.7	× 737 / 5159	5.7
6	85,688	2581.3	− 2531	50.3	× 798 / 5159	7.8
7	85,689	2606.1	− 2552	54.1	× 731 / 5159	7.7
8	85,692	2623.3	− 2567	56.3	× 735 / 5159	8
11	85,693	2640.3	− 2583	57.3	× 726 / 5159	8.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						46

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,267	2461.5	− 2432	29.5	× 723 / 5079	4.2
4	86,268	2506.6	− 2473	33.6	× 704 / 5079	4.7
5	86,269	2549.5	− 2502	47.5	× 709 / 5079	6.6
6	86,270	2572.6	− 2531	41.6	× 753 / 5079	6.2
7	86,271	2610.7	− 2552	58.7	× 785 / 5079	9.1
8	86,272	2622.6	− 2567	55.6	× 723 / 5079	7.9
11	86,273	2647.1	− 2583	64.1	× 682 / 5079	8.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						47

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
11	84,493	2657.5	− 2583	74.5	× 563 / 563	74.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						75

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,486	2468.1	− 2432	36.1	× 754 / 4712	5.8
4	86,487	2512.0	− 2473	39	× 744 / 4712	6.2
5	86,488	2553.5	− 2502	51.5	× 655 / 4712	7.2
6	86,489	2574.9	− 2531	43.9	× 744 / 4712	6.9
7	86,490	2606.8	− 2552	54.8	× 664 / 4712	7.7
8	86,491	2629.5	− 2567	62.5	× 688 / 4712	9.1
11	86,492	2652.5	− 2583	69.5	× 463 / 4712	6.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						50

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,400	2463.0	− 2432	31	× 776 / 5099	4.7
4	86,401	2506.7	− 2473	33.7	× 754 / 5099	5
5	86,402	2543.9	− 2502	41.9	× 759 / 5099	6.2
6	86,403	2576.1	− 2531	45.1	× 664 / 5099	5.9
7	86,404	2617.2	− 2552	65.2	× 714 / 5099	9.1
8	86,405	2623.3	− 2567	56.3	× 674 / 5099	7.4
11	86,406	2652.9	− 2583	69.9	× 758 / 5099	10.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						49

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,388	2457.8	− 2432	25.8	× 775 / 5184	3.9
4	86,389	2498.7	− 2473	25.7	× 804 / 5184	4
5	86,390	2550.3	− 2502	48.3	× 762 / 5184	7.1
6	86,391	2577.7	− 2531	46.7	× 764 / 5184	6.9
7	86,392	2619.2	− 2552	67.2	× 668 / 5184	8.7
8	86,393	2630.1	− 2567	63.1	× 730 / 5184	8.9
11	86,394	2634.9	− 2583	51.9	× 681 / 5184	6.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						46

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,072	2459.8	− 2432	27.8	× 750 / 5259	4
4	86,073	2510.1	− 2473	37.1	× 784 / 5259	5.5
5	86,074	2553.3	− 2502	51.3	× 786 / 5259	7.7
6	86,075	2581.5	− 2531	50.5	× 787 / 5259	7.6
7	86,076	2620.8	− 2552	68.8	× 744 / 5259	9.7
8	86,077	2635.4	− 2567	68.4	× 673 / 5259	8.8
11	86,078	2649.4	− 2583	66.4	× 735 / 5259	9.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						52

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 29, 43, 42, 46, 47, 75, 50, 49, 46, 52 → 47.9
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 14 · 2016→2017: 1 · 2017→2018: 4 · 2018→2019: 1 · 2019→2021: 28 · 2021→2022: 25 · 2022→2023: 1 · 2023→2024: 3 · 2024→2025: 6 → average 9.2
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 9.2 × 2.66 = 24.5. Upper limit 72.4, lower limit 23.4.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.