Dan O. Root Elementary: math

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	93,164	2413.4	− 2436	−22.6	× 101 / 309	−7.4
4	93,165	2471.1	− 2485	−13.9	× 110 / 309	−4.9
5	93,168	2491.8	− 2528	−36.2	× 98 / 309	−11.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−24

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,581	2412.9	− 2436	−23.1	× 99 / 288	−7.9
4	86,584	2460.1	− 2485	−24.9	× 93 / 288	−8
5	86,586	2462.4	− 2528	−65.6	× 96 / 288	−21.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−38

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	88,976	2423.3	− 2436	−12.7	× 99 / 281	−4.5
4	88,978	2466.8	− 2485	−18.2	× 96 / 281	−6.2
5	88,981	2486.7	− 2528	−41.3	× 86 / 281	−12.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−23

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,194	2413.8	− 2436	−22.2	× 107 / 346	−6.9
4	89,197	2470.1	− 2485	−14.9	× 95 / 346	−4.1
5	89,198	2477.5	− 2528	−50.5	× 82 / 346	−12
6	89,201	2489.1	− 2552	−62.9	× 62 / 346	−11.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−34

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,803	2436.6	− 2436	0.6	× 117 / 477	0.1
4	89,804	2444.3	− 2485	−40.7	× 99 / 477	−8.4
5	89,805	2499.5	− 2528	−28.5	× 98 / 477	−5.9
6	89,806	2435.6	− 2552	−116.4	× 97 / 477	−23.7
7	89,807	2506.4	− 2567	−60.6	× 66 / 477	−8.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−46

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,070	2398.1	− 2436	−37.9	× 88 / 487	−6.8
4	90,071	2439.9	− 2485	−45.1	× 80 / 487	−7.4
5	90,072	2473.1	− 2528	−54.9	× 77 / 487	−8.7
6	90,073	2463.1	− 2552	−88.9	× 91 / 487	−16.6
7	90,074	2466.5	− 2567	−100.5	× 79 / 487	−16.3
8	90,075	2464.3	− 2586	−121.7	× 72 / 487	−18
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−74

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,964	2403.7	− 2436	−32.3	× 80 / 507	−5.1
4	89,965	2458.7	− 2485	−26.3	× 84 / 507	−4.4
5	89,966	2450.2	− 2528	−77.8	× 75 / 507	−11.5
6	89,967	2420.8	− 2552	−131.2	× 96 / 507	−24.8
7	89,968	2486.7	− 2567	−80.3	× 91 / 507	−14.4
8	89,969	2475.8	− 2586	−110.2	× 81 / 507	−17.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−78

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,923	2395.3	− 2436	−40.7	× 83 / 524	−6.4
4	89,924	2460.2	− 2485	−24.8	× 81 / 524	−3.8
5	89,925	2459.9	− 2528	−68.1	× 92 / 524	−12
6	89,926	2430.9	− 2552	−121.1	× 90 / 524	−20.8
7	89,927	2457.6	− 2567	−109.4	× 95 / 524	−19.8
8	89,928	2467.8	− 2586	−118.2	× 83 / 524	−18.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−82

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,616	2375.1	− 2436	−60.9	× 67 / 214	−19.1
4	89,617	2447.6	− 2485	−37.4	× 84 / 214	−14.7
5	89,618	2468.7	− 2528	−59.3	× 63 / 214	−17.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−51

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −24, −38, −23, −34, −46, −74, −78, −82, −51 → −50
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 14 · 2016→2017: 15 · 2017→2018: 11 · 2018→2019: 12 · 2019→2022: 28 · 2022→2023: 4 · 2023→2024: 4 · 2024→2025: 31 → average 14.9
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 14.9 × 2.66 = 39.6. Upper limit −10.4, lower limit −89.6.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.