Dana Gray Elementary: math

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	43,231	2391.7	− 2436	−44.3	× 131 / 390	−14.9
4	43,234	2434.5	− 2485	−50.5	× 142 / 390	−18.4
5	43,235	2464.0	− 2528	−64	× 117 / 390	−19.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−52

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	39,926	2420.7	− 2436	−15.3	× 126 / 401	−4.8
4	39,928	2464.3	− 2485	−20.7	× 133 / 401	−6.9
5	39,929	2493.8	− 2528	−34.2	× 142 / 401	−12.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−24

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,946	2406.4	− 2436	−29.6	× 116 / 375	−9.2
4	40,949	2466.6	− 2485	−18.4	× 127 / 375	−6.2
5	40,950	2486.5	− 2528	−41.5	× 132 / 375	−14.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−30

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,963	2413.3	− 2436	−22.7	× 126 / 376	−7.6
4	40,966	2448.0	− 2485	−37	× 122 / 376	−12
5	40,967	2480.2	− 2528	−47.8	× 128 / 376	−16.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−36

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	41,117	2416.0	− 2436	−20	× 158 / 402	−7.9
4	41,118	2453.3	− 2485	−31.7	× 126 / 402	−9.9
5	41,119	2476.3	− 2528	−51.7	× 118 / 402	−15.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−33

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,872	2396.6	− 2436	−39.4	× 110 / 330	−13.1
4	40,873	2442.5	− 2485	−42.5	× 115 / 330	−14.8
5	40,874	2415.7	− 2528	−112.3	× 105 / 330	−35.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−64

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,903	2395.2	− 2436	−40.8	× 111 / 355	−12.8
4	40,904	2423.7	− 2485	−61.3	× 114 / 355	−19.7
5	40,905	2437.7	− 2528	−90.3	× 130 / 355	−33.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−66

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,730	2378.9	− 2436	−57.1	× 111 / 345	−18.4
4	40,731	2432.0	− 2485	−53	× 115 / 345	−17.7
5	40,732	2420.5	− 2528	−107.5	× 119 / 345	−37.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−73

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,511	2387.6	− 2436	−48.4	× 99 / 328	−14.6
4	40,512	2416.8	− 2485	−68.2	× 111 / 328	−23.1
5	40,513	2438.3	− 2528	−89.7	× 118 / 328	−32.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−70

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −52, −24, −30, −36, −33, −64, −66, −73, −70 → −49.8
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 28 · 2016→2017: 6 · 2017→2018: 6 · 2018→2019: 3 · 2019→2022: 31 · 2022→2023: 2 · 2023→2024: 7 · 2024→2025: 3 → average 10.8
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 10.8 × 2.66 = 28.7. Upper limit −21.1, lower limit −78.5.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.