Potter Valley Community Unified: english

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	43,653	2384.7	− 2432	−47.3	× 18 / 60	−14.2
4	43,656	2468.4	− 2473	−4.6	× 17 / 60	−1.3
5	43,657	2477.8	− 2502	−24.2	× 14 / 60	−5.6
6	43,660	2459.7	− 2531	−71.3	× 11 / 60	−13.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−34

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,355	2392.9	− 2432	−39.1	× 23 / 128	−7
4	40,357	2422.4	− 2473	−50.6	× 20 / 128	−7.9
5	40,360	2537.0	− 2502	35	× 22 / 128	6
6	40,362	2458.8	− 2531	−72.2	× 16 / 128	−9
7	40,363	2469.3	− 2552	−82.7	× 14 / 128	−9
8	40,366	2458.2	− 2567	−108.8	× 16 / 128	−13.6
11	40,367	2546.7	− 2583	−36.3	× 17 / 128	−4.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−45

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	41,366	2362.9	− 2432	−69.1	× 20 / 130	−10.6
4	41,368	2425.5	− 2473	−47.5	× 26 / 130	−9.5
5	41,370	2447.4	− 2502	−54.6	× 20 / 130	−8.4
6	41,373	2532.9	− 2531	1.9	× 20 / 130	0.3
7	41,375	2466.3	− 2552	−85.7	× 16 / 130	−10.5
8	41,377	2511.6	− 2567	−55.4	× 13 / 130	−5.5
11	41,378	2585.7	− 2583	2.7	× 15 / 130	0.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−44

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	41,395	2409.6	− 2432	−22.4	× 24 / 137	−3.9
4	41,398	2431.5	− 2473	−41.5	× 25 / 137	−7.6
5	41,399	2466.9	− 2502	−35.1	× 22 / 137	−5.6
6	41,402	2479.2	− 2531	−51.8	× 19 / 137	−7.2
7	41,403	2504.9	− 2552	−47.1	× 18 / 137	−6.2
8	41,406	2488.7	− 2567	−78.3	× 15 / 137	−8.6
11	41,407	2596.5	− 2583	13.5	× 14 / 137	1.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−38

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	41,535	2376.9	− 2432	−55.1	× 24 / 157	−8.4
4	41,536	2466.3	− 2473	−6.7	× 27 / 157	−1.2
5	41,537	2504.1	− 2502	2.1	× 20 / 157	0.3
6	41,538	2523.8	− 2531	−7.2	× 29 / 157	−1.3
7	41,539	2506.9	− 2552	−45.1	× 17 / 157	−4.9
8	41,540	2540.4	− 2567	−26.6	× 20 / 157	−3.4
11	41,541	2495.9	− 2583	−87.1	× 20 / 157	−11.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−30

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	41,292	2402.8	− 2432	−29.2	× 19 / 148	−3.7
4	41,293	2414.1	− 2473	−58.9	× 20 / 148	−8
5	41,294	2519.4	− 2502	17.4	× 17 / 148	2
6	41,295	2501.6	− 2531	−29.4	× 20 / 148	−4
7	41,296	2515.7	− 2552	−36.3	× 30 / 148	−7.4
8	41,297	2457.8	− 2567	−109.2	× 21 / 148	−15.5
11	41,298	2543.9	− 2583	−39.1	× 21 / 148	−5.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−42

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	41,323	2398.9	− 2432	−33.1	× 30 / 152	−6.5
4	41,324	2444.1	− 2473	−28.9	× 18 / 152	−3.4
5	41,325	2426.8	− 2502	−75.2	× 22 / 152	−10.9
6	41,326	2511.4	− 2531	−19.6	× 17 / 152	−2.2
7	41,327	2485.3	− 2552	−66.7	× 24 / 152	−10.5
8	41,328	2510.4	− 2567	−56.6	× 28 / 152	−10.4
11	41,329	2494.0	− 2583	−89	× 13 / 152	−7.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−52

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	41,140	2347.4	− 2432	−84.6	× 14 / 144	−8.2
4	41,141	2459.1	− 2473	−13.9	× 27 / 144	−2.6
5	41,142	2480.5	− 2502	−21.5	× 19 / 144	−2.8
6	41,143	2480.8	− 2531	−50.2	× 21 / 144	−7.3
7	41,144	2510.2	− 2552	−41.8	× 17 / 144	−4.9
8	41,145	2476.8	− 2567	−90.2	× 24 / 144	−15
11	41,146	2550.0	− 2583	−33	× 22 / 144	−5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−46

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	40,905	2373.1	− 2432	−58.9	× 18 / 136	−7.8
4	40,906	2400.5	− 2473	−72.5	× 15 / 136	−8
5	40,907	2483.2	− 2502	−18.8	× 26 / 136	−3.6
6	40,908	2498.8	− 2531	−32.2	× 18 / 136	−4.3
7	40,909	2482.6	− 2552	−69.4	× 19 / 136	−9.7
8	40,910	2543.3	− 2567	−23.7	× 21 / 136	−3.7
11	40,911	2507.5	− 2583	−75.5	× 19 / 136	−10.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−48

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −34, −45, −44, −38, −30, −42, −52, −46, −48 → −42.1
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 11 · 2016→2017: 1 · 2017→2018: 6 · 2018→2019: 8 · 2019→2022: 12 · 2022→2023: 10 · 2023→2024: 6 · 2024→2025: 2 → average 7
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 7 × 2.66 = 18.6. Upper limit −23.5, lower limit −60.7.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.