Davis Joint Unified: math

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	105,162	2452.7	− 2436	16.7	× 612 / 4403	2.3
4	105,163	2509.4	− 2485	24.4	× 592 / 4403	3.3
5	105,166	2543.7	− 2528	15.7	× 600 / 4403	2.1
6	105,167	2576.2	− 2552	24.2	× 666 / 4403	3.7
7	105,170	2601.9	− 2567	34.9	× 657 / 4403	5.2
8	105,171	2622.0	− 2586	36	× 646 / 4403	5.3
11	105,174	2671.0	− 2628	43	× 630 / 4403	6.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						28

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	97,696	2470.1	− 2436	34.1	× 563 / 4418	4.3
4	97,698	2507.5	− 2485	22.5	× 636 / 4418	3.2
5	97,700	2544.0	− 2528	16	× 593 / 4418	2.1
6	97,702	2582.8	− 2552	30.8	× 607 / 4418	4.2
7	97,703	2599.4	− 2567	32.4	× 702 / 4418	5.1
8	97,705	2623.4	− 2586	37.4	× 672 / 4418	5.7
11	97,708	2673.0	− 2628	45	× 645 / 4418	6.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						31

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	100,536	2469.0	− 2436	33	× 587 / 4391	4.4
4	100,538	2515.4	− 2485	30.4	× 553 / 4391	3.8
5	100,540	2538.8	− 2528	10.8	× 638 / 4391	1.6
6	100,542	2580.2	− 2552	28.2	× 595 / 4391	3.8
7	100,544	2597.6	− 2567	30.6	× 669 / 4391	4.7
8	100,546	2614.6	− 2586	28.6	× 694 / 4391	4.5
11	100,548	2660.2	− 2628	32.2	× 655 / 4391	4.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						28

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	100,693	2472.2	− 2436	36.2	× 627 / 4347	5.2
4	100,696	2515.5	− 2485	30.5	× 609 / 4347	4.3
5	100,697	2553.3	− 2528	25.3	× 567 / 4347	3.3
6	100,700	2577.5	− 2552	25.5	× 651 / 4347	3.8
7	100,701	2602.5	− 2567	35.5	× 661 / 4347	5.4
8	100,704	2612.2	− 2586	26.2	× 659 / 4347	4
11	100,705	2669.0	− 2628	41	× 573 / 4347	5.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						31

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	101,358	2467.9	− 2436	31.9	× 583 / 4245	4.4
4	101,359	2514.9	− 2485	29.9	× 642 / 4245	4.5
5	101,360	2552.1	− 2528	24.1	× 614 / 4245	3.5
6	101,361	2592.2	− 2552	40.2	× 582 / 4245	5.5
7	101,362	2597.6	− 2567	30.6	× 673 / 4245	4.9
8	101,363	2615.8	− 2586	29.8	× 655 / 4245	4.6
11	101,364	2680.8	− 2628	52.8	× 496 / 4245	6.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						34

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
11	99,205	2704.3	− 2628	76.3	× 298 / 298	76.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						76

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	101,601	2466.4	− 2436	30.4	× 559 / 4017	4.2
4	101,602	2512.9	− 2485	27.9	× 541 / 4017	3.8
5	101,603	2539.5	− 2528	11.5	× 566 / 4017	1.6
6	101,604	2581.2	− 2552	29.2	× 552 / 4017	4
7	101,605	2588.7	− 2567	21.7	× 623 / 4017	3.4
8	101,606	2607.5	− 2586	21.5	× 621 / 4017	3.3
11	101,607	2652.9	− 2628	24.9	× 555 / 4017	3.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						24

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	101,433	2470.3	− 2436	34.3	× 538 / 4033	4.6
4	101,434	2513.9	− 2485	28.9	× 587 / 4033	4.2
5	101,435	2537.4	− 2528	9.4	× 538 / 4033	1.3
6	101,436	2580.7	− 2552	28.7	× 584 / 4033	4.2
7	101,437	2596.3	− 2567	29.3	× 605 / 4033	4.4
8	101,438	2603.5	− 2586	17.5	× 606 / 4033	2.6
11	101,439	2647.3	− 2628	19.3	× 575 / 4033	2.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						24

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	101,320	2461.8	− 2436	25.8	× 597 / 4009	3.8
4	101,321	2506.4	− 2485	21.4	× 555 / 4009	3
5	101,322	2538.9	− 2528	10.9	× 598 / 4009	1.6
6	101,323	2583.0	− 2552	31	× 546 / 4009	4.2
7	101,324	2602.8	− 2567	35.8	× 635 / 4009	5.7
8	101,325	2610.3	− 2586	24.3	× 586 / 4009	3.6
11	101,326	2660.9	− 2628	32.9	× 492 / 4009	4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						26

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	100,994	2464.3	− 2436	28.3	× 561 / 4095	3.9
4	100,995	2508.2	− 2485	23.2	× 613 / 4095	3.5
5	100,996	2535.4	− 2528	7.4	× 573 / 4095	1
6	100,997	2572.9	− 2552	20.9	× 589 / 4095	3
7	100,998	2598.7	− 2567	31.7	× 595 / 4095	4.6
8	100,999	2616.9	− 2586	30.9	× 618 / 4095	4.7
11	101,000	2676.8	− 2628	48.8	× 546 / 4095	6.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						27

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 28, 31, 28, 31, 34, 76, 24, 24, 26, 27 → 32.9
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 3 · 2016→2017: 3 · 2017→2018: 3 · 2018→2019: 3 · 2019→2021: 42 · 2021→2022: 52 · 2022→2023: 0 · 2023→2024: 2 · 2024→2025: 1 → average 12.1
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 12.1 × 2.66 = 32.2. Upper limit 65.1, lower limit 0.7.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.