William Mckinley Elementary: math

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	56,016	2406.1	− 2436	−29.9	× 117 / 470	−7.4
4	56,018	2437.4	− 2485	−47.6	× 122 / 470	−12.4
5	56,020	2477.0	− 2528	−51	× 110 / 470	−11.9
6	56,022	2482.8	− 2552	−69.2	× 121 / 470	−17.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−50

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	52,010	2455.9	− 2436	19.9	× 117 / 475	4.9
4	52,011	2459.6	− 2485	−25.4	× 124 / 475	−6.6
5	52,014	2477.4	− 2528	−50.6	× 126 / 475	−13.4
6	52,016	2552.1	− 2552	0.1	× 108 / 475	0
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−15

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,528	2443.3	− 2436	7.3	× 105 / 472	1.6
4	53,531	2479.6	− 2485	−5.4	× 112 / 472	−1.3
5	53,533	2490.4	− 2528	−37.6	× 128 / 472	−10.2
6	53,534	2493.6	− 2552	−58.4	× 127 / 472	−15.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−26

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,618	2430.8	− 2436	−5.2	× 79 / 433	−0.9
4	53,619	2487.6	− 2485	2.6	× 109 / 433	0.7
5	53,622	2514.1	− 2528	−13.9	× 114 / 433	−3.7
6	53,623	2502.1	− 2552	−49.9	× 131 / 433	−15.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−19

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,853	2426.7	− 2436	−9.3	× 95 / 394	−2.2
4	53,854	2494.5	− 2485	9.5	× 71 / 394	1.7
5	53,855	2517.8	− 2528	−10.2	× 110 / 394	−2.8
6	53,856	2502.5	− 2552	−49.5	× 118 / 394	−14.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−18

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,913	2406.9	− 2436	−29.1	× 73 / 334	−6.4
4	53,914	2468.2	− 2485	−16.8	× 81 / 334	−4.1
5	53,915	2455.7	− 2528	−72.3	× 89 / 334	−19.3
6	53,916	2476.1	− 2552	−75.9	× 91 / 334	−20.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−50

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,860	2386.3	− 2436	−49.7	× 85 / 336	−12.6
4	53,861	2438.1	− 2485	−46.9	× 78 / 336	−10.9
5	53,862	2464.2	− 2528	−63.8	× 81 / 336	−15.4
6	53,863	2475.0	− 2552	−77	× 92 / 336	−21.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−60

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,718	2373.8	− 2436	−62.2	× 87 / 329	−16.4
4	53,719	2437.0	− 2485	−48	× 83 / 329	−12.1
5	53,720	2442.6	− 2528	−85.4	× 77 / 329	−20
6	53,721	2484.2	− 2552	−67.8	× 82 / 329	−16.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−65

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,456	2405.8	− 2436	−30.2	× 83 / 340	−7.4
4	53,457	2433.6	− 2485	−51.4	× 86 / 340	−13
5	53,458	2452.5	− 2528	−75.5	× 78 / 340	−17.3
6	53,459	2478.8	− 2552	−73.2	× 93 / 340	−20
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−58

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −50, −15, −26, −19, −18, −50, −60, −65, −58 → −40.1
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 35 · 2016→2017: 11 · 2017→2018: 7 · 2018→2019: 1 · 2019→2022: 32 · 2022→2023: 10 · 2023→2024: 5 · 2024→2025: 7 → average 13.5
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 13.5 × 2.66 = 35.9. Upper limit −4.2, lower limit −76.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.