Winchell Elementary: math

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,952	2376.3	− 2436	−59.7	× 92 / 392	−14
4	10,954	2384.9	− 2485	−100.1	× 111 / 392	−28.3
5	10,956	2428.7	− 2528	−99.3	× 90 / 392	−22.8
6	10,958	2446.9	− 2552	−105.1	× 99 / 392	−26.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−92

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,970	2395.1	− 2436	−40.9	× 96 / 392	−10
4	9,972	2405.1	− 2485	−79.9	× 98 / 392	−20
5	9,974	2435.4	− 2528	−92.6	× 113 / 392	−26.7
6	9,976	2473.6	− 2552	−78.4	× 85 / 392	−17
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−74

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,298	2407.9	− 2436	−28.1	× 105 / 417	−7.1
4	10,300	2416.0	− 2485	−69	× 106 / 417	−17.5
5	10,302	2459.9	− 2528	−68.1	× 93 / 417	−15.2
6	10,304	2458.1	− 2552	−93.9	× 113 / 417	−25.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−65

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,316	2431.6	− 2436	−4.4	× 93 / 398	−1
4	10,318	2444.5	− 2485	−40.5	× 102 / 398	−10.4
5	10,321	2503.6	− 2528	−24.4	× 103 / 398	−6.3
6	10,322	2499.2	− 2552	−52.8	× 100 / 398	−13.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−31

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,397	2418.3	− 2436	−17.7	× 101 / 405	−4.4
4	10,398	2459.7	− 2485	−25.3	× 96 / 405	−6
5	10,399	2511.7	− 2528	−16.3	× 103 / 405	−4.1
6	10,400	2506.2	− 2552	−45.8	× 105 / 405	−11.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−26

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,390	2372.1	− 2436	−63.9	× 106 / 371	−18.3
4	10,391	2408.1	− 2485	−76.9	× 72 / 371	−14.9
5	10,392	2452.0	− 2528	−76	× 103 / 371	−21.1
6	10,393	2458.1	− 2552	−93.9	× 90 / 371	−22.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−77

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,378	2386.9	− 2436	−49.1	× 75 / 361	−10.2
4	10,379	2424.1	− 2485	−60.9	× 106 / 361	−17.9
5	10,380	2431.1	− 2528	−96.9	× 78 / 361	−20.9
6	10,381	2482.4	− 2552	−69.6	× 102 / 361	−19.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−69

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,344	2390.1	− 2436	−45.9	× 99 / 354	−12.8
4	10,345	2404.5	− 2485	−80.5	× 86 / 354	−19.6
5	10,346	2466.4	− 2528	−61.6	× 101 / 354	−17.6
6	10,347	2472.6	− 2552	−79.4	× 68 / 354	−15.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−65

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,321	2379.8	− 2436	−56.2	× 89 / 359	−13.9
4	10,322	2417.9	− 2485	−67.1	× 95 / 359	−17.8
5	10,323	2446.2	− 2528	−81.8	× 74 / 359	−16.9
6	10,324	2472.2	− 2552	−79.8	× 101 / 359	−22.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−71

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −92, −74, −65, −31, −26, −77, −69, −65, −71 → −63.3
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 18 · 2016→2017: 9 · 2017→2018: 34 · 2018→2019: 5 · 2019→2022: 51 · 2022→2023: 8 · 2023→2024: 4 · 2024→2025: 6 → average 16.9
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 16.9 × 2.66 = 45. Upper limit −18.3, lower limit −108.3.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.