Twin Hills Union Elementary: english

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	95,656	2411.8	− 2432	−20.2	× 103 / 784	−2.7
4	95,658	2503.6	− 2473	30.6	× 112 / 784	4.4
5	95,660	2524.2	− 2502	22.2	× 112 / 784	3.2
6	95,662	2557.4	− 2531	26.4	× 153 / 784	5.2
7	95,665	2546.0	− 2552	−6	× 147 / 784	−1.1
8	95,666	2596.7	− 2567	29.7	× 140 / 784	5.3
11	95,668	2607.6	− 2583	24.6	× 17 / 784	0.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						15

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	88,765	2454.8	− 2432	22.8	× 103 / 792	3
4	88,768	2480.1	− 2473	7.1	× 107 / 792	1
5	88,769	2527.8	− 2502	25.8	× 118 / 792	3.8
6	88,772	2553.9	− 2531	22.9	× 136 / 792	3.9
7	88,774	2578.0	− 2552	26	× 168 / 792	5.5
8	88,775	2573.7	− 2567	6.7	× 134 / 792	1.1
11	88,777	2642.8	− 2583	59.8	× 26 / 792	2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						20

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,318	2438.1	− 2432	6.1	× 104 / 773	0.8
4	91,321	2490.5	− 2473	17.5	× 99 / 773	2.2
5	91,322	2499.3	− 2502	−2.7	× 112 / 773	−0.4
6	91,324	2580.0	− 2531	49	× 125 / 773	7.9
7	91,326	2584.8	− 2552	32.8	× 144 / 773	6.1
8	91,329	2602.9	− 2567	35.9	× 165 / 773	7.7
11	91,330	2662.7	− 2583	79.7	× 24 / 773	2.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						27

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,507	2468.2	− 2432	36.2	× 99 / 718	5
4	91,510	2484.5	− 2473	11.5	× 107 / 718	1.7
5	91,512	2543.7	− 2502	41.7	× 98 / 718	5.7
6	91,513	2547.1	− 2531	16.1	× 126 / 718	2.8
7	91,515	2593.2	− 2552	41.2	× 135 / 718	7.7
8	91,517	2613.3	− 2567	46.3	× 129 / 718	8.3
11	91,520	2632.1	− 2583	49.1	× 24 / 718	1.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						33

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	92,149	2433.3	− 2432	1.3	× 101 / 710	0.2
4	92,150	2497.6	− 2473	24.6	× 90 / 710	3.1
5	92,151	2515.6	− 2502	13.6	× 110 / 710	2.1
6	92,152	2558.2	− 2531	27.2	× 111 / 710	4.3
7	92,153	2586.1	− 2552	34.1	× 139 / 710	6.7
8	92,154	2622.4	− 2567	55.4	× 134 / 710	10.5
11	92,155	2665.0	− 2583	82	× 25 / 710	2.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						30

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	92,401	2434.0	− 2432	2	× 75 / 582	0.3
4	92,402	2470.7	− 2473	−2.3	× 100 / 582	−0.4
5	92,403	2524.2	− 2502	22.2	× 69 / 582	2.6
6	92,404	2550.5	− 2531	19.5	× 97 / 582	3.3
7	92,405	2611.5	− 2552	59.5	× 111 / 582	11.3
8	92,406	2606.2	− 2567	39.2	× 117 / 582	7.9
11	92,407	2652.8	− 2583	69.8	× 13 / 582	1.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						27

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	92,313	2446.8	− 2432	14.8	× 99 / 595	2.5
4	92,314	2478.0	− 2473	5	× 78 / 595	0.7
5	92,315	2540.5	− 2502	38.5	× 96 / 595	6.2
6	92,316	2547.3	− 2531	16.3	× 83 / 595	2.3
7	92,317	2588.8	− 2552	36.8	× 107 / 595	6.6
8	92,318	2631.3	− 2567	64.3	× 110 / 595	11.9
11	92,319	2587.9	− 2583	4.9	× 22 / 595	0.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						30

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	92,210	2409.4	− 2432	−22.6	× 77 / 593	−2.9
4	92,211	2469.5	− 2473	−3.5	× 108 / 593	−0.6
5	92,212	2528.4	− 2502	26.4	× 79 / 593	3.5
6	92,213	2558.7	− 2531	27.7	× 104 / 593	4.9
7	92,214	2597.4	− 2552	45.4	× 93 / 593	7.1
8	92,215	2600.0	− 2567	33	× 113 / 593	6.3
11	92,216	2657.7	− 2583	74.7	× 19 / 593	2.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						21

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,920	2435.0	− 2432	3	× 78 / 619	0.4
4	91,921	2481.5	− 2473	8.5	× 79 / 619	1.1
5	91,922	2530.3	− 2502	28.3	× 111 / 619	5.1
6	91,923	2556.1	− 2531	25.1	× 105 / 619	4.3
7	91,924	2591.4	− 2552	39.4	× 122 / 619	7.8
8	91,925	2600.5	− 2567	33.5	× 93 / 619	5
11	91,926	2624.6	− 2583	41.6	× 31 / 619	2.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						26

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 15, 20, 27, 33, 30, 27, 30, 21, 26 → 25.4
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 5 · 2016→2017: 7 · 2017→2018: 6 · 2018→2019: 3 · 2019→2022: 3 · 2022→2023: 3 · 2023→2024: 9 · 2024→2025: 5 → average 5.1
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 5.1 × 2.66 = 13.6. Upper limit 39, lower limit 11.8.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.