Piner-Olivet Union Elementary: english

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	94,853	2411.4	− 2432	−20.6	× 69 / 208	−6.8
4	94,854	2423.6	− 2473	−49.4	× 54 / 208	−12.8
5	94,857	2488.2	− 2502	−13.8	× 55 / 208	−3.6
6	94,858	2478.5	− 2531	−52.5	× 30 / 208	−7.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−31

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	88,085	2412.5	− 2432	−19.5	× 45 / 212	−4.1
4	88,087	2448.0	− 2473	−25	× 77 / 212	−9.1
5	88,090	2467.6	− 2502	−34.4	× 61 / 212	−9.9
6	88,092	2463.5	− 2531	−67.5	× 29 / 212	−9.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−32

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,634	2407.4	− 2432	−24.6	× 36 / 200	−4.4
4	90,636	2471.2	− 2473	−1.8	× 40 / 200	−0.4
5	90,639	2475.5	− 2502	−26.5	× 72 / 200	−9.5
6	90,640	2463.0	− 2531	−68	× 52 / 200	−17.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−32

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,840	2410.4	− 2432	−21.6	× 47 / 183	−5.5
4	90,841	2438.0	− 2473	−35	× 37 / 183	−7.1
5	90,844	2527.9	− 2502	25.9	× 41 / 183	5.8
6	90,845	2504.8	− 2531	−26.2	× 58 / 183	−8.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−15

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,469	2396.0	− 2432	−36	× 44 / 161	−9.8
4	91,470	2442.2	− 2473	−30.8	× 45 / 161	−8.6
5	91,471	2482.5	− 2502	−19.5	× 32 / 161	−3.9
6	91,472	2522.3	− 2531	−8.7	× 40 / 161	−2.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−24

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,711	2403.2	− 2432	−28.8	× 32 / 154	−6
4	91,712	2426.2	− 2473	−46.8	× 31 / 154	−9.4
5	91,713	2449.6	− 2502	−52.4	× 49 / 154	−16.7
6	91,714	2500.9	− 2531	−30.1	× 42 / 154	−8.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−40

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,605	2366.8	− 2432	−65.2	× 34 / 147	−15.1
4	91,606	2411.8	− 2473	−61.2	× 35 / 147	−14.6
5	91,607	2485.9	− 2502	−16.1	× 36 / 147	−3.9
6	91,608	2476.1	− 2531	−54.9	× 42 / 147	−15.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−49

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,548	2391.0	− 2432	−41	× 47 / 149	−12.9
4	91,549	2413.4	− 2473	−59.6	× 36 / 149	−14.4
5	91,550	2478.0	− 2502	−24	× 32 / 149	−5.2
6	91,551	2488.7	− 2531	−42.3	× 34 / 149	−9.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−42

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	91,252	2389.9	− 2432	−42.1	× 37 / 153	−10.2
4	91,253	2435.0	− 2473	−38	× 46 / 153	−11.4
5	91,254	2458.9	− 2502	−43.1	× 36 / 153	−10.1
6	91,255	2493.5	− 2531	−37.5	× 34 / 153	−8.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−40

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −31, −32, −32, −15, −24, −40, −49, −42, −40 → −33.9
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 1 · 2016→2017: 0 · 2017→2018: 17 · 2018→2019: 9 · 2019→2022: 16 · 2022→2023: 9 · 2023→2024: 7 · 2024→2025: 2 → average 7.6
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 7.6 × 2.66 = 20.2. Upper limit −13.7, lower limit −54.1.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.