Paakuma K-8: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	62,850	2442.3	− 2432	10.3	× 47 / 581	0.8
4	62,851	2444.2	− 2473	−28.8	× 50 / 581	−2.5
5	62,853	2512.6	− 2502	10.6	× 45 / 581	0.8
6	62,855	2475.1	− 2531	−55.9	× 147 / 581	−14.1
7	62,858	2499.7	− 2552	−52.3	× 169 / 581	−15.2
8	62,860	2511.0	− 2567	−56	× 123 / 581	−11.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−42

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	64,641	2462.2	− 2432	30.2	× 52 / 567	2.8
4	64,644	2471.9	− 2473	−1.1	× 55 / 567	−0.1
5	64,646	2480.6	− 2502	−21.4	× 68 / 567	−2.6
6	64,647	2544.2	− 2531	13.2	× 57 / 567	1.3
7	64,650	2526.0	− 2552	−26	× 164 / 567	−7.5
8	64,651	2521.3	− 2567	−45.7	× 171 / 567	−13.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−20

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	64,727	2433.9	− 2432	1.9	× 65 / 562	0.2
4	64,729	2490.5	− 2473	17.5	× 67 / 562	2.1
5	64,730	2514.8	− 2502	12.8	× 73 / 562	1.7
6	64,733	2521.6	− 2531	−9.4	× 74 / 562	−1.2
7	64,735	2529.7	− 2552	−22.3	× 126 / 562	−5
8	64,737	2545.6	− 2567	−21.4	× 157 / 562	−6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−8

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	65,080	2448.5	− 2432	16.5	× 129 / 567	3.8
4	65,081	2479.8	− 2473	6.8	× 64 / 567	0.8
5	65,082	2535.1	− 2502	33.1	× 79 / 567	4.6
6	65,083	2518.1	− 2531	−12.9	× 90 / 567	−2
7	65,084	2547.9	− 2552	−4.1	× 91 / 567	−0.7
8	65,085	2566.0	− 2567	−1	× 114 / 567	−0.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						6

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	65,161	2430.6	− 2432	−1.4	× 126 / 646	−0.3
4	65,162	2465.1	− 2473	−7.9	× 107 / 646	−1.3
5	65,163	2504.7	− 2502	2.7	× 119 / 646	0.5
6	65,164	2531.7	− 2531	0.7	× 125 / 646	0.1
7	65,165	2565.4	− 2552	13.4	× 88 / 646	1.8
8	65,166	2579.6	− 2567	12.6	× 81 / 646	1.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						2

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	65,156	2415.8	− 2432	−16.2	× 118 / 683	−2.8
4	65,157	2481.8	− 2473	8.8	× 121 / 683	1.6
5	65,158	2504.8	− 2502	2.8	× 112 / 683	0.5
6	65,159	2515.3	− 2531	−15.7	× 120 / 683	−2.8
7	65,160	2568.9	− 2552	16.9	× 123 / 683	3
8	65,161	2571.5	− 2567	4.5	× 89 / 683	0.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						0

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	65,122	2404.3	− 2432	−27.7	× 107 / 696	−4.3
4	65,123	2466.6	− 2473	−6.4	× 111 / 696	−1
5	65,124	2526.2	− 2502	24.2	× 122 / 696	4.2
6	65,125	2512.3	− 2531	−18.7	× 112 / 696	−3
7	65,126	2561.6	− 2552	9.6	× 117 / 696	1.6
8	65,127	2581.5	− 2567	14.5	× 127 / 696	2.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						0

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	64,880	2457.0	− 2432	25	× 107 / 671	4
4	64,881	2466.3	− 2473	−6.7	× 104 / 671	−1
5	64,882	2510.9	− 2502	8.9	× 116 / 671	1.5
6	64,883	2544.5	− 2531	13.5	× 129 / 671	2.6
7	64,884	2582.8	− 2552	30.8	× 106 / 671	4.9
8	64,885	2592.3	− 2567	25.3	× 109 / 671	4.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						16

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −42, −20, −8, 6, 2, 0, 0, 16 → −5.8
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2016→2017: 22 · 2017→2018: 12 · 2018→2019: 14 · 2019→2022: 4 · 2022→2023: 2 · 2023→2024: 0 · 2024→2025: 16 → average 10
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 10 × 2.66 = 26.6. Upper limit 20.8, lower limit −32.4.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.