Andrew Carnegie Middle: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	62,338	2535.5	− 2531	4.5	× 126 / 1003	0.6
7	62,341	2526.0	− 2552	−26	× 423 / 1003	−11
8	62,342	2551.1	− 2567	−15.9	× 454 / 1003	−7.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−18

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	57,832	2553.9	− 2531	22.9	× 153 / 1018	3.4
7	57,834	2548.3	− 2552	−3.7	× 437 / 1018	−1.6
8	57,836	2557.1	− 2567	−9.9	× 428 / 1018	−4.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−2

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	59,526	2538.9	− 2531	7.9	× 128 / 1009	1
7	59,528	2558.5	− 2552	6.5	× 448 / 1009	2.9
8	59,530	2573.9	− 2567	6.9	× 433 / 1009	3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						7

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	59,644	2509.3	− 2531	−21.7	× 127 / 957	−2.9
7	59,645	2546.8	− 2552	−5.2	× 376 / 957	−2
8	59,648	2584.1	− 2567	17.1	× 454 / 957	8.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						3

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	59,896	2524.3	− 2531	−6.7	× 126 / 899	−0.9
7	59,897	2544.7	− 2552	−7.3	× 389 / 899	−3.2
8	59,898	2555.9	− 2567	−11.1	× 384 / 899	−4.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−9

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	59,964	2532.8	− 2531	1.8	× 108 / 799	0.2
7	59,965	2553.7	− 2552	1.7	× 322 / 799	0.7
8	59,966	2561.3	− 2567	−5.7	× 369 / 799	−2.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−2

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	59,919	2499.4	− 2531	−31.6	× 90 / 686	−4.1
7	59,920	2538.4	− 2552	−13.6	× 293 / 686	−5.8
8	59,921	2544.0	− 2567	−23	× 303 / 686	−10.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−20

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	59,844	2533.2	− 2531	2.2	× 71 / 648	0.2
7	59,845	2535.8	− 2552	−16.2	× 280 / 648	−7
8	59,846	2551.0	− 2567	−16	× 297 / 648	−7.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−14

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	59,605	2534.3	− 2531	3.3	× 87 / 651	0.4
7	59,606	2543.9	− 2552	−8.1	× 262 / 651	−3.3
8	59,607	2538.1	− 2567	−28.9	× 302 / 651	−13.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−16

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −18, −2, 7, 3, −9, −2, −20, −14, −16 → −7.9
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 16 · 2016→2017: 9 · 2017→2018: 4 · 2018→2019: 12 · 2019→2022: 7 · 2022→2023: 18 · 2023→2024: 6 · 2024→2025: 2 → average 9.3
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 9.3 × 2.66 = 24.7. Upper limit 16.8, lower limit −32.6.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.