Placer: english · Schoolio

The shaded band is this county's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	53,463	2435.5	− 2432	3.5	× 5108 / 36605	0.5
4	53,466	2480.8	− 2473	7.8	× 5179 / 36605	1.1
5	53,467	2520.6	− 2502	18.6	× 5263 / 36605	2.7
6	53,470	2542.7	− 2531	11.7	× 5177 / 36605	1.7
7	53,471	2567.8	− 2552	15.8	× 5244 / 36605	2.3
8	53,473	2588.3	− 2567	21.3	× 5332 / 36605	3.1
11	53,475	2636.1	− 2583	53.1	× 5302 / 36605	7.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						19

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	49,664	2442.6	− 2432	10.6	× 5138 / 37502	1.5
4	49,666	2485.9	− 2473	12.9	× 5290 / 37502	1.8
5	49,668	2528.9	− 2502	26.9	× 5351 / 37502	3.8
6	49,670	2552.9	− 2531	21.9	× 5410 / 37502	3.2
7	49,671	2580.5	− 2552	28.5	× 5381 / 37502	4.1
8	49,673	2594.7	− 2567	27.7	× 5352 / 37502	4
11	49,676	2640.0	− 2583	57	× 5580 / 37502	8.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						27

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	51,059	2443.2	− 2432	11.2	× 5112 / 38000	1.5
4	51,062	2482.4	− 2473	9.4	× 5328 / 38000	1.3
5	51,063	2518.5	− 2502	16.5	× 5407 / 38000	2.3
6	51,065	2550.1	− 2531	19.1	× 5513 / 38000	2.8
7	51,068	2580.6	− 2552	28.6	× 5607 / 38000	4.2
8	51,070	2590.0	− 2567	23	× 5487 / 38000	3.3
11	51,071	2644.0	− 2583	61	× 5546 / 38000	8.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						24

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	51,095	2448.7	− 2432	16.7	× 5113 / 38530	2.2
4	51,098	2493.9	− 2473	20.9	× 5258 / 38530	2.9
5	51,099	2526.0	− 2502	24	× 5517 / 38530	3.4
6	51,102	2548.8	− 2531	17.8	× 5592 / 38530	2.6
7	51,103	2581.9	− 2552	29.9	× 5668 / 38530	4.4
8	51,106	2596.9	− 2567	29.9	× 5754 / 38530	4.5
11	51,107	2630.2	− 2583	47.2	× 5628 / 38530	6.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						27

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	51,294	2451.5	− 2432	19.5	× 5349 / 38815	2.7
4	51,295	2494.3	− 2473	21.3	× 5255 / 38815	2.9
5	51,296	2534.3	− 2502	32.3	× 5391 / 38815	4.5
6	51,297	2553.5	− 2531	22.5	× 5650 / 38815	3.3
7	51,298	2584.1	− 2552	32.1	× 5795 / 38815	4.8
8	51,299	2599.2	− 2567	32.2	× 5730 / 38815	4.8
11	51,300	2629.5	− 2583	46.5	× 5645 / 38815	6.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						30

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	50,051	2431.6	− 2432	−0.4	× 2523 / 21178	0
4	50,052	2474.3	− 2473	1.3	× 2640 / 21178	0.2
5	50,053	2520.9	− 2502	18.9	× 2666 / 21178	2.4
6	50,054	2534.7	− 2531	3.7	× 2632 / 21178	0.5
7	50,055	2578.5	− 2552	26.5	× 2702 / 21178	3.4
8	50,056	2585.0	− 2567	18	× 2717 / 21178	2.3
11	50,057	2633.8	− 2583	50.8	× 5298 / 21178	12.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						21

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	51,222	2442.5	− 2432	10.5	× 5099 / 37457	1.4
4	51,223	2490.6	− 2473	17.6	× 5228 / 37457	2.5
5	51,224	2525.1	− 2502	23.1	× 5458 / 37457	3.4
6	51,225	2553.3	− 2531	22.3	× 5366 / 37457	3.2
7	51,226	2581.1	− 2552	29.1	× 5366 / 37457	4.2
8	51,227	2587.5	− 2567	20.5	× 5477 / 37457	3
11	51,228	2624.4	− 2583	41.4	× 5463 / 37457	6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						24

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	51,190	2441.8	− 2432	9.8	× 5294 / 37982	1.4
4	51,191	2484.9	− 2473	11.9	× 5206 / 37982	1.6
5	51,192	2524.4	− 2502	22.4	× 5355 / 37982	3.2
6	51,193	2544.4	− 2531	13.4	× 5517 / 37982	1.9
7	51,194	2576.8	− 2552	24.8	× 5519 / 37982	3.6
8	51,195	2582.5	− 2567	15.5	× 5405 / 37982	2.2
11	51,196	2627.3	− 2583	44.3	× 5686 / 37982	6.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						21

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	51,047	2438.0	− 2432	6	× 5296 / 38878	0.8
4	51,048	2484.3	− 2473	11.3	× 5482 / 38878	1.6
5	51,049	2521.9	− 2502	19.9	× 5448 / 38878	2.8
6	51,050	2547.9	− 2531	16.9	× 5587 / 38878	2.4
7	51,051	2572.1	− 2552	20.1	× 5634 / 38878	2.9
8	51,052	2581.7	− 2567	14.7	× 5626 / 38878	2.1
11	51,053	2609.7	− 2583	26.7	× 5805 / 38878	4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						17

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	50,809	2438.8	− 2432	6.8	× 5458 / 39559	0.9
4	50,810	2487.4	− 2473	14.4	× 5462 / 39559	2
5	50,811	2524.2	− 2502	22.2	× 5711 / 39559	3.2
6	50,812	2549.7	− 2531	18.7	× 5588 / 39559	2.6
7	50,813	2582.3	− 2552	30.3	× 5668 / 39559	4.3
8	50,814	2586.4	− 2567	19.4	× 5751 / 39559	2.8
11	50,815	2618.9	− 2583	35.9	× 5921 / 39559	5.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						21

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 19, 27, 24, 27, 30, 21, 24, 21, 17, 21 → 23.1
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 8 · 2016→2017: 3 · 2017→2018: 3 · 2018→2019: 3 · 2019→2021: 9 · 2021→2022: 3 · 2022→2023: 3 · 2023→2024: 4 · 2024→2025: 4 → average 4.4
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 4.4 × 2.66 = 11.7. Upper limit 34.8, lower limit 11.4.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a county, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.