Willard Intermediate: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	51,956	2448.8	− 2531	−82.2	× 278 / 839	−27.2
7	51,959	2443.2	− 2552	−108.8	× 254 / 839	−32.9
8	51,960	2495.6	− 2567	−71.4	× 307 / 839	−26.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−86

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	48,273	2443.6	− 2531	−87.4	× 255 / 799	−27.9
7	48,275	2476.7	− 2552	−75.3	× 286 / 799	−27
8	48,278	2495.2	− 2567	−71.8	× 258 / 799	−23.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−78

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	49,602	2436.3	− 2531	−94.7	× 231 / 769	−28.4
7	49,603	2466.1	− 2552	−85.9	× 251 / 769	−28
8	49,605	2500.3	− 2567	−66.7	× 287 / 769	−24.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−81

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	49,616	2419.9	− 2531	−111.1	× 223 / 723	−34.3
7	49,617	2439.2	− 2552	−112.8	× 245 / 723	−38.2
8	49,620	2470.3	− 2567	−96.7	× 255 / 723	−34.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−107

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	49,810	2420.7	− 2531	−110.3	× 190 / 652	−32.1
7	49,811	2453.7	− 2552	−98.3	× 220 / 652	−33.2
8	49,812	2457.2	− 2567	−109.8	× 242 / 652	−40.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−106

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	49,728	2426.0	− 2531	−105	× 116 / 415	−29.3
7	49,729	2453.6	− 2552	−98.4	× 134 / 415	−31.8
8	49,730	2457.3	− 2567	−109.7	× 165 / 415	−43.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−105

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	49,690	2425.0	− 2531	−106	× 135 / 434	−33
7	49,691	2439.5	− 2552	−112.5	× 136 / 434	−35.3
8	49,692	2426.8	− 2567	−140.2	× 163 / 434	−52.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−121

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	49,541	2444.8	− 2531	−86.2	× 128 / 428	−25.8
7	49,542	2449.0	− 2552	−103	× 146 / 428	−35.1
8	49,543	2434.6	− 2567	−132.4	× 154 / 428	−47.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−109

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
6	49,299	2411.3	− 2531	−119.7	× 95 / 371	−30.7
7	49,300	2450.3	− 2552	−101.7	× 133 / 371	−36.5
8	49,301	2443.7	− 2567	−123.3	× 143 / 371	−47.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−115

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −86, −78, −81, −107, −106, −105, −121, −109, −115 → −100.9
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 8 · 2016→2017: 3 · 2017→2018: 26 · 2018→2019: 1 · 2019→2022: 1 · 2022→2023: 16 · 2023→2024: 12 · 2024→2025: 6 → average 9.1
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 9.1 × 2.66 = 24.2. Upper limit −76.7, lower limit −125.1.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.