Orange County Special Education: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
7	47,790	2429.8	− 2552	−122.2	× 17 / 47	−44.2
8	47,793	2421.4	− 2567	−145.6	× 17 / 47	−52.7
11	47,794	2481.8	− 2583	−101.2	× 13 / 47	−28
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−125

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
7	44,447	2410.7	− 2552	−141.3	× 15 / 33	−64.2
8	44,450	2441.4	− 2567	−125.6	× 18 / 33	−68.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−133

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
8	45,610	2382.8	− 2567	−184.2	× 14 / 32	−80.6
11	45,612	2425.0	− 2583	−158	× 18 / 32	−88.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−169

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
11	45,629	2403.6	− 2583	−179.4	× 16 / 16	−179.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−179

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
7	45,798	2387.6	− 2552	−164.4	× 17 / 34	−82.2
11	45,800	2454.0	− 2583	−129	× 17 / 34	−64.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−147

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
7	44,453	2376.6	− 2552	−175.4	× 14 / 26	−94.4
8	44,454	2393.6	− 2567	−173.4	× 12 / 26	−80
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−174

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
8	45,537	2345.5	− 2567	−221.5	× 13 / 13	−221.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−222

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
7	45,514	2324.3	− 2552	−227.7	× 12 / 29	−94.2
11	45,516	2406.3	− 2583	−176.7	× 17 / 29	−103.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−198

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
8	45,376	2359.5	− 2567	−207.5	× 11 / 28	−81.5
11	45,377	2418.9	− 2583	−164.1	× 17 / 28	−99.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−181

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
11	45,143	2347.8	− 2583	−235.2	× 12 / 12	−235.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−235

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −125, −133, −169, −179, −147, −174, −222, −198, −181, −235 → −176.3
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 8 · 2016→2017: 36 · 2017→2018: 10 · 2018→2019: 32 · 2019→2021: 27 · 2021→2022: 48 · 2022→2023: 24 · 2023→2024: 17 · 2024→2025: 54 → average 28.4
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 28.4 × 2.66 = 75.5. Upper limit −100.8, lower limit −251.8.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.