Philadelphia Elementary: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	36,791	2381.6	− 2432	−50.4	× 129 / 450	−14.4
4	36,793	2425.3	− 2473	−47.7	× 113 / 450	−12
5	36,795	2476.1	− 2502	−25.9	× 94 / 450	−5.4
6	36,797	2505.0	− 2531	−26	× 114 / 450	−6.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−38

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	34,276	2391.9	− 2432	−40.1	× 102 / 423	−9.7
4	34,279	2440.2	− 2473	−32.8	× 118 / 423	−9.1
5	34,280	2467.4	− 2502	−34.6	× 108 / 423	−8.8
6	34,283	2536.9	− 2531	5.9	× 95 / 423	1.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−26

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	34,889	2386.8	− 2432	−45.2	× 84 / 421	−9
4	34,890	2419.0	− 2473	−54	× 108 / 421	−13.9
5	34,892	2452.7	− 2502	−49.3	× 119 / 421	−13.9
6	34,894	2491.4	− 2531	−39.6	× 110 / 421	−10.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−47

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	34,898	2407.1	− 2432	−24.9	× 90 / 384	−5.8
4	34,901	2431.5	− 2473	−41.5	× 83 / 384	−9
5	34,902	2447.0	− 2502	−55	× 101 / 384	−14.5
6	34,904	2510.3	− 2531	−20.7	× 110 / 384	−5.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−35

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	35,069	2387.9	− 2432	−44.1	× 94 / 344	−12.1
4	35,070	2441.9	− 2473	−31.1	× 79 / 344	−7.1
5	35,071	2486.1	− 2502	−15.9	× 80 / 344	−3.7
6	35,072	2492.7	− 2531	−38.3	× 91 / 344	−10.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−33

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	34,966	2336.8	− 2432	−95.2	× 84 / 313	−25.5
4	34,967	2399.4	− 2473	−73.6	× 68 / 313	−16
5	34,968	2464.9	− 2502	−37.1	× 79 / 313	−9.4
6	34,969	2510.7	− 2531	−20.3	× 82 / 313	−5.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−56

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	35,005	2361.4	− 2432	−70.6	× 72 / 306	−16.6
4	35,006	2404.1	− 2473	−68.9	× 89 / 306	−20
5	35,007	2457.4	− 2502	−44.6	× 71 / 306	−10.3
6	35,008	2494.0	− 2531	−37	× 74 / 306	−8.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−56

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	34,863	2342.9	− 2432	−89.1	× 75 / 298	−22.4
4	34,864	2408.8	− 2473	−64.2	× 72 / 298	−15.5
5	34,865	2439.0	− 2502	−63	× 85 / 298	−18
6	34,866	2499.1	− 2531	−31.9	× 66 / 298	−7.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−63

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	34,710	2365.4	− 2432	−66.6	× 77 / 306	−16.8
4	34,711	2405.7	− 2473	−67.3	× 73 / 306	−16.1
5	34,712	2451.4	− 2502	−50.6	× 79 / 306	−13.1
6	34,713	2507.5	− 2531	−23.5	× 77 / 306	−5.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−52

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −38, −26, −47, −35, −33, −56, −56, −63, −52 → −45.1
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 12 · 2016→2017: 21 · 2017→2018: 12 · 2018→2019: 2 · 2019→2022: 23 · 2022→2023: 0 · 2023→2024: 7 · 2024→2025: 11 → average 11
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 11 × 2.66 = 29.3. Upper limit −15.8, lower limit −74.4.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.