Stanwood A. Murphy Elementary: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	14,144	2322.9	− 2432	−109.1	× 32 / 152	−23
4	14,147	2408.2	− 2473	−64.8	× 18 / 152	−7.7
5	14,148	2432.8	− 2502	−69.2	× 32 / 152	−14.6
6	14,151	2466.7	− 2531	−64.3	× 31 / 152	−13.1
7	14,152	2510.9	− 2552	−41.1	× 18 / 152	−4.9
8	14,155	2540.5	− 2567	−26.5	× 21 / 152	−3.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−67

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,164	2367.4	− 2432	−64.6	× 27 / 155	−11.3
4	13,167	2369.9	− 2473	−103.1	× 30 / 155	−20
5	13,169	2481.1	− 2502	−20.9	× 21 / 155	−2.8
6	13,170	2511.1	− 2531	−19.9	× 29 / 155	−3.7
7	13,173	2544.7	− 2552	−7.3	× 25 / 155	−1.2
8	13,175	2555.4	− 2567	−11.6	× 23 / 155	−1.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−41

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,496	2390.6	− 2432	−41.4	× 22 / 142	−6.4
4	13,497	2426.4	− 2473	−46.6	× 26 / 142	−8.5
5	13,500	2442.1	− 2502	−59.9	× 24 / 142	−10.1
6	13,502	2525.1	− 2531	−5.9	× 16 / 142	−0.7
7	13,504	2554.3	− 2552	2.3	× 30 / 142	0.5
8	13,506	2565.8	− 2567	−1.2	× 24 / 142	−0.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−25

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,491	2443.6	− 2432	11.6	× 18 / 137	1.5
4	13,494	2402.9	− 2473	−70.1	× 24 / 137	−12.3
5	13,495	2419.9	− 2502	−82.1	× 24 / 137	−14.4
6	13,498	2500.0	− 2531	−31	× 23 / 137	−5.2
7	13,499	2568.6	− 2552	16.6	× 17 / 137	2.1
8	13,502	2560.8	− 2567	−6.2	× 31 / 137	−1.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−30

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,604	2419.6	− 2432	−12.4	× 20 / 122	−2
4	13,605	2473.0	− 2473	0	× 18 / 122	0
5	13,606	2464.6	− 2502	−37.4	× 21 / 122	−6.4
6	13,607	2507.4	− 2531	−23.6	× 24 / 122	−4.6
7	13,608	2535.1	− 2552	−16.9	× 21 / 122	−2.9
8	13,609	2580.0	− 2567	13	× 18 / 122	1.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−14

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,370	2422.0	− 2432	−10	× 20 / 126	−1.6
4	13,371	2432.2	− 2473	−40.8	× 20 / 126	−6.5
5	13,372	2422.4	− 2502	−79.6	× 17 / 126	−10.7
6	13,373	2518.1	− 2531	−12.9	× 19 / 126	−1.9
7	13,374	2553.7	− 2552	1.7	× 23 / 126	0.3
8	13,375	2568.9	− 2567	1.9	× 27 / 126	0.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−20

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,627	2369.5	− 2432	−62.5	× 27 / 119	−14.2
4	13,628	2430.1	− 2473	−42.9	× 19 / 119	−6.8
5	13,629	2420.5	− 2502	−81.5	× 19 / 119	−13
6	13,630	2459.1	− 2531	−71.9	× 16 / 119	−9.7
7	13,631	2576.9	− 2552	24.9	× 18 / 119	3.8
8	13,632	2572.6	− 2567	5.6	× 20 / 119	0.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−39

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,604	2358.4	− 2432	−73.6	× 12 / 111	−8
4	13,605	2423.9	− 2473	−49.1	× 22 / 111	−9.7
5	13,606	2491.7	− 2502	−10.3	× 21 / 111	−1.9
6	13,607	2502.8	− 2531	−28.2	× 23 / 111	−5.8
7	13,608	2495.7	− 2552	−56.3	× 14 / 111	−7.1
8	13,609	2571.8	− 2567	4.8	× 19 / 111	0.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−32

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,571	2431.2	− 2432	−0.8	× 17 / 124	−0.1
4	13,572	2464.5	− 2473	−8.5	× 17 / 124	−1.2
5	13,573	2522.3	− 2502	20.3	× 22 / 124	3.6
6	13,574	2523.3	− 2531	−7.7	× 23 / 124	−1.4
7	13,575	2533.4	− 2552	−18.6	× 27 / 124	−4.1
8	13,576	2524.8	− 2567	−42.2	× 18 / 124	−6.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−9

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	13,535	2490.0	− 2432	58	× 23 / 132	10.1
4	13,536	2481.7	− 2473	8.7	× 18 / 132	1.2
5	13,537	2567.2	− 2502	65.2	× 16 / 132	7.9
6	13,538	2554.0	− 2531	23	× 24 / 132	4.2
7	13,539	2602.4	− 2552	50.4	× 23 / 132	8.8
8	13,540	2583.8	− 2567	16.8	× 28 / 132	3.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						36

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −67, −41, −25, −30, −14, −20, −39, −32, −9, 36 → −24.1
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 26 · 2016→2017: 16 · 2017→2018: 5 · 2018→2019: 16 · 2019→2021: 6 · 2021→2022: 19 · 2022→2023: 7 · 2023→2024: 23 · 2024→2025: 45 → average 18.1
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 18.1 × 2.66 = 48.1. Upper limit 24, lower limit −72.2.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.