Martin Luther King, Jr. Elementary: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,834	2321.8	− 2432	−110.2	× 65 / 229	−31.3
4	7,837	2365.2	− 2473	−107.8	× 64 / 229	−30.1
5	7,838	2420.8	− 2502	−81.2	× 54 / 229	−19.1
6	7,840	2464.8	− 2531	−66.2	× 46 / 229	−13.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−94

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,019	2349.2	− 2432	−82.8	× 62 / 239	−21.5
4	7,020	2365.8	− 2473	−107.2	× 62 / 239	−27.8
5	7,023	2439.7	− 2502	−62.3	× 64 / 239	−16.7
6	7,024	2451.9	− 2531	−79.1	× 51 / 239	−16.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−83

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,231	2330.8	− 2432	−101.2	× 66 / 243	−27.5
4	7,232	2359.3	− 2473	−113.7	× 64 / 243	−29.9
5	7,235	2350.2	− 2502	−151.8	× 56 / 243	−35
6	7,236	2445.3	− 2531	−85.7	× 57 / 243	−20.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−113

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,248	2319.7	− 2432	−112.3	× 66 / 236	−31.4
4	7,250	2321.1	− 2473	−151.9	× 63 / 236	−40.5
5	7,252	2344.6	− 2502	−157.4	× 58 / 236	−38.7
6	7,254	2383.5	− 2531	−147.5	× 49 / 236	−30.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−141

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,294	2324.7	− 2432	−107.3	× 67 / 238	−30.2
4	7,295	2350.2	− 2473	−122.8	× 62 / 238	−32
5	7,296	2384.8	− 2502	−117.2	× 51 / 238	−25.1
6	7,297	2437.2	− 2531	−93.8	× 58 / 238	−22.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−110

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,239	2314.3	− 2432	−117.7	× 55 / 200	−32.4
4	7,240	2352.3	− 2473	−120.7	× 54 / 200	−32.6
5	7,241	2382.2	− 2502	−119.8	× 49 / 200	−29.4
6	7,242	2404.7	− 2531	−126.3	× 42 / 200	−26.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−121

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,227	2309.6	− 2432	−122.4	× 56 / 202	−33.9
4	7,228	2341.5	− 2473	−131.5	× 55 / 202	−35.8
5	7,229	2344.0	− 2502	−158	× 50 / 202	−39.1
6	7,230	2393.1	− 2531	−137.9	× 41 / 202	−28
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−137

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,174	2327.0	− 2432	−105	× 59 / 216	−28.7
4	7,175	2350.7	− 2473	−122.3	× 53 / 216	−30
5	7,176	2384.9	− 2502	−117.1	× 50 / 216	−27.1
6	7,177	2424.2	− 2531	−106.8	× 54 / 216	−26.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−112

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	7,134	2310.5	− 2432	−121.5	× 42 / 212	−24.1
4	7,135	2352.0	− 2473	−121	× 58 / 212	−33.1
5	7,136	2400.9	− 2502	−101.1	× 55 / 212	−26.2
6	7,137	2390.4	− 2531	−140.6	× 57 / 212	−37.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−121

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −94, −83, −113, −141, −110, −121, −137, −112, −121 → −114.7
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 11 · 2016→2017: 30 · 2017→2018: 28 · 2018→2019: 31 · 2019→2022: 11 · 2022→2023: 16 · 2023→2024: 25 · 2024→2025: 9 → average 20.1
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 20.1 × 2.66 = 53.5. Upper limit −61.2, lower limit −168.2.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.