Piedmont City Unified: math

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	3,293	2507.6	− 2436	71.6	× 194 / 1428	9.7
4	3,294	2538.5	− 2485	53.5	× 205 / 1428	7.7
5	3,297	2602.3	− 2528	74.3	× 233 / 1428	12.1
6	3,298	2624.9	− 2552	72.9	× 225 / 1428	11.5
7	3,301	2630.4	− 2567	63.4	× 192 / 1428	8.5
8	3,302	2662.8	− 2586	76.8	× 208 / 1428	11.2
11	3,305	2695.0	− 2628	67	× 171 / 1428	8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						69

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,890	2526.7	− 2436	90.7	× 217 / 1505	13.1
4	2,893	2563.1	− 2485	78.1	× 197 / 1505	10.2
5	2,894	2595.1	− 2528	67.1	× 214 / 1505	9.5
6	2,896	2630.6	− 2552	78.6	× 244 / 1505	12.7
7	2,899	2658.1	− 2567	91.1	× 228 / 1505	13.8
8	2,901	2655.9	− 2586	69.9	× 193 / 1505	9
11	2,902	2699.9	− 2628	71.9	× 212 / 1505	10.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						78

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,965	2522.8	− 2436	86.8	× 181 / 1484	10.6
4	2,967	2564.9	− 2485	79.9	× 222 / 1484	12
5	2,969	2597.5	− 2528	69.5	× 204 / 1484	9.6
6	2,970	2616.9	− 2552	64.9	× 202 / 1484	8.8
7	2,972	2664.4	− 2567	97.4	× 245 / 1484	16.1
8	2,975	2669.9	− 2586	83.9	× 237 / 1484	13.4
11	2,976	2679.3	− 2628	51.3	× 193 / 1484	6.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						77

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,966	2523.6	− 2436	87.6	× 159 / 1437	9.7
4	2,968	2574.0	− 2485	89	× 184 / 1437	11.4
5	2,970	2604.8	− 2528	76.8	× 222 / 1437	11.9
6	2,972	2623.9	− 2552	71.9	× 208 / 1437	10.4
7	2,974	2652.4	− 2567	85.4	× 212 / 1437	12.6
8	2,976	2682.5	− 2586	96.5	× 242 / 1437	16.3
11	2,978	2683.3	− 2628	55.3	× 210 / 1437	8.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						80

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,994	2530.4	− 2436	94.4	× 157 / 1348	11
4	2,995	2564.0	− 2485	79	× 163 / 1348	9.6
5	2,996	2607.1	− 2528	79.1	× 187 / 1348	11
6	2,997	2633.0	− 2552	81	× 230 / 1348	13.8
7	2,998	2651.2	− 2567	84.2	× 209 / 1348	13.1
8	2,999	2676.2	− 2586	90.2	× 208 / 1348	13.9
11	3,000	2700.9	− 2628	72.9	× 194 / 1348	10.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						83

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,858	2511.0	− 2436	75	× 165 / 1165	10.6
4	2,859	2560.2	− 2485	75.2	× 157 / 1165	10.1
5	2,860	2595.0	− 2528	67	× 164 / 1165	9.4
6	2,861	2584.1	− 2552	32.1	× 156 / 1165	4.3
7	2,862	2651.3	− 2567	84.3	× 180 / 1165	13
8	2,863	2666.2	− 2586	80.2	× 210 / 1165	14.5
11	2,864	2737.1	− 2628	109.1	× 133 / 1165	12.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						74

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,892	2532.9	− 2436	96.9	× 165 / 1171	13.7
4	2,893	2572.1	− 2485	87.1	× 167 / 1171	12.4
5	2,894	2600.2	− 2528	72.2	× 165 / 1171	10.2
6	2,895	2614.6	− 2552	62.6	× 148 / 1171	7.9
7	2,896	2632.3	− 2567	65.3	× 162 / 1171	9
8	2,897	2686.6	− 2586	100.6	× 175 / 1171	15
11	2,898	2689.7	− 2628	61.7	× 189 / 1171	10
Sum, rounded to a whole point						78

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,826	2523.8	− 2436	87.8	× 136 / 1165	10.2
4	2,827	2577.0	− 2485	92	× 165 / 1165	13
5	2,828	2607.8	− 2528	79.8	× 172 / 1165	11.8
6	2,829	2607.3	− 2552	55.3	× 181 / 1165	8.6
7	2,830	2651.8	− 2567	84.8	× 158 / 1165	11.5
8	2,831	2652.1	− 2586	66.1	× 160 / 1165	9.1
11	2,832	2701.5	− 2628	73.5	× 193 / 1165	12.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						76

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,790	2517.3	− 2436	81.3	× 165 / 1214	11
4	2,791	2566.0	− 2485	81	× 145 / 1214	9.7
5	2,792	2608.4	− 2528	80.4	× 175 / 1214	11.6
6	2,793	2616.2	− 2552	64.2	× 177 / 1214	9.4
7	2,794	2643.7	− 2567	76.7	× 183 / 1214	11.6
8	2,795	2663.4	− 2586	77.4	× 166 / 1214	10.6
11	2,796	2705.3	− 2628	77.3	× 203 / 1214	12.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						77

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,758	2512.8	− 2436	76.8	× 159 / 1245	9.8
4	2,759	2560.9	− 2485	75.9	× 180 / 1245	11
5	2,760	2592.0	− 2528	64	× 162 / 1245	8.3
6	2,761	2624.2	− 2552	72.2	× 190 / 1245	11
7	2,762	2651.5	− 2567	84.5	× 184 / 1245	12.5
8	2,763	2666.5	− 2586	80.5	× 190 / 1245	12.3
11	2,764	2725.6	− 2628	97.6	× 180 / 1245	14.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						79

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	2,714	2523.3	− 2436	87.3	× 188 / 1267	13
4	2,715	2573.0	− 2485	88	× 168 / 1267	11.7
5	2,716	2595.1	− 2528	67.1	× 191 / 1267	10.1
6	2,717	2611.0	− 2552	59	× 180 / 1267	8.4
7	2,718	2660.3	− 2567	93.3	× 187 / 1267	13.8
8	2,719	2676.0	− 2586	90	× 185 / 1267	13.1
11	2,720	2714.5	− 2628	86.5	× 168 / 1267	11.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						82

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 69, 78, 77, 80, 83, 74, 78, 76, 77, 79, 82 → 77.5
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 9 · 2016→2017: 1 · 2017→2018: 3 · 2018→2019: 3 · 2019→2021: 9 · 2021→2022: 4 · 2022→2023: 2 · 2023→2024: 1 · 2024→2025: 2 · 2025→2026: 3 → average 3.7
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 3.7 × 2.66 = 9.8. Upper limit 87.3, lower limit 67.7.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.

Piedmont City Unified