Dunham Charter: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Measured against the grade bars

The state's English test uses one scale for every grade, so a score means the same thing in grade 3 as in grade 5.

3rd The average 3rd grader meets the grade 3 bar. 2439 vs. 2432.
4th The average 4th grader meets the grade 4 bar. 2496 vs. 2473.
5th The average 5th grader meets the grade 5 bar. 2553 vs. 2502.

2026 results. The English test covers reading, writing, listening and research together. "Meets standard" is the state's mark for being on track for that grade.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	94,132	2408.6	− 2432	−23.4	× 28 / 95	−6.9
4	94,135	2431.8	− 2473	−41.2	× 23 / 95	−10
5	94,136	2513.2	− 2502	11.2	× 28 / 95	3.3
6	94,139	2550.9	− 2531	19.9	× 16 / 95	3.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−10

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	87,387	2489.8	− 2432	57.8	× 24 / 69	20.1
4	87,390	2451.5	− 2473	−21.5	× 26 / 69	−8.1
5	87,391	2514.0	− 2502	12	× 19 / 69	3.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						15

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,876	2436.2	− 2432	4.2	× 30 / 80	1.6
4	89,879	2518.2	− 2473	45.2	× 24 / 80	13.6
5	89,881	2512.6	− 2502	10.6	× 26 / 80	3.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						19

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,094	2465.6	− 2432	33.6	× 27 / 86	10.5
4	90,095	2480.2	− 2473	7.2	× 26 / 86	2.2
5	90,097	2589.7	− 2502	87.7	× 21 / 86	21.4
6	90,100	2551.0	− 2531	20	× 12 / 86	2.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						37

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,699	2473.8	− 2432	41.8	× 23 / 70	13.7
4	90,700	2505.3	− 2473	32.3	× 25 / 70	11.5
5	90,701	2530.0	− 2502	28	× 22 / 70	8.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						34

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,929	2442.5	− 2432	10.5	× 22 / 57	4.1
4	90,930	2469.2	− 2473	−3.8	× 14 / 57	−0.9
5	90,931	2520.5	− 2502	18.5	× 21 / 57	6.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						10

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,823	2454.6	− 2432	22.6	× 19 / 57	7.5
4	90,824	2504.2	− 2473	31.2	× 26 / 57	14.2
5	90,825	2472.8	− 2502	−29.2	× 12 / 57	−6.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						16

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,772	2434.5	− 2432	2.5	× 27 / 68	1
4	90,773	2496.6	− 2473	23.6	× 16 / 68	5.6
5	90,774	2519.8	− 2502	17.8	× 25 / 68	6.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						13

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,462	2436.5	− 2432	4.5	× 23 / 79	1.3
4	90,463	2524.2	− 2473	51.2	× 24 / 79	15.6
5	90,464	2562.8	− 2502	60.8	× 18 / 79	13.9
6	90,465	2561.1	− 2531	30.1	× 14 / 79	5.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						36

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	90,123	2438.5	− 2432	6.5	× 26 / 68	2.5
4	90,124	2496.1	− 2473	23.1	× 21 / 68	7.1
5	90,125	2552.5	− 2502	50.5	× 21 / 68	15.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						25

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −10, 15, 19, 37, 34, 10, 16, 13, 36, 25 → 19.5
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 25 · 2016→2017: 4 · 2017→2018: 18 · 2018→2019: 3 · 2019→2022: 24 · 2022→2023: 6 · 2023→2024: 3 · 2024→2025: 23 · 2025→2026: 11 → average 13
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 13 × 2.66 = 34.6. Upper limit 54.1, lower limit −15.1.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.