Benicia Unified: english

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	92,770	2433.3	− 2432	1.3	× 304 / 2477	0.2
4	92,771	2496.9	− 2473	23.9	× 341 / 2477	3.3
5	92,774	2529.3	− 2502	27.3	× 350 / 2477	3.9
6	92,775	2519.5	− 2531	−11.5	× 358 / 2477	−1.7
7	92,778	2561.1	− 2552	9.1	× 392 / 2477	1.4
8	92,779	2583.6	− 2567	16.6	× 385 / 2477	2.6
11	92,782	2635.0	− 2583	52	× 347 / 2477	7.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						17

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,213	2429.8	− 2432	−2.2	× 304 / 2510	−0.3
4	86,215	2483.2	− 2473	10.2	× 326 / 2510	1.3
5	86,218	2537.7	− 2502	35.7	× 347 / 2510	4.9
6	86,220	2526.8	− 2531	−4.2	× 368 / 2510	−0.6
7	86,221	2544.7	− 2552	−7.3	× 367 / 2510	−1.1
8	86,224	2569.1	− 2567	2.1	× 388 / 2510	0.3
11	86,225	2600.3	− 2583	17.3	× 410 / 2510	2.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						7

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	88,560	2436.5	− 2432	4.5	× 345 / 2414	0.6
4	88,562	2485.1	− 2473	12.1	× 306 / 2414	1.5
5	88,563	2523.6	− 2502	21.6	× 332 / 2414	3
6	88,566	2538.7	− 2531	7.7	× 354 / 2414	1.1
7	88,568	2550.0	− 2552	−2	× 363 / 2414	−0.3
8	88,569	2553.9	− 2567	−13.1	× 315 / 2414	−1.7
11	88,572	2626.0	− 2583	43	× 399 / 2414	7.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						11

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	88,780	2449.5	− 2432	17.5	× 326 / 2398	2.4
4	88,783	2476.4	− 2473	3.4	× 333 / 2398	0.5
5	88,784	2525.6	− 2502	23.6	× 315 / 2398	3.1
6	88,787	2513.6	− 2531	−17.4	× 348 / 2398	−2.5
7	88,788	2548.5	− 2552	−3.5	× 350 / 2398	−0.5
8	88,791	2536.0	− 2567	−31	× 359 / 2398	−4.6
11	88,792	2587.3	− 2583	4.3	× 367 / 2398	0.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−1

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,399	2449.0	− 2432	17	× 301 / 2342	2.2
4	89,400	2486.8	− 2473	13.8	× 327 / 2342	1.9
5	89,401	2528.4	− 2502	26.4	× 343 / 2342	3.9
6	89,402	2533.0	− 2531	2	× 317 / 2342	0.3
7	89,403	2560.2	− 2552	8.2	× 334 / 2342	1.2
8	89,404	2579.0	− 2567	12	× 320 / 2342	1.6
11	89,405	2608.6	− 2583	25.6	× 400 / 2342	4.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						15

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
11	87,583	2718.6	− 2583	135.6	× 13 / 13	135.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						136

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,659	2427.0	− 2432	−5	× 294 / 2165	−0.7
4	89,660	2488.4	− 2473	15.4	× 276 / 2165	2
5	89,661	2512.7	− 2502	10.7	× 311 / 2165	1.5
6	89,662	2500.9	− 2531	−30.1	× 291 / 2165	−4
7	89,663	2536.0	− 2552	−16	× 327 / 2165	−2.4
8	89,664	2544.3	− 2567	−22.7	× 323 / 2165	−3.4
11	89,665	2604.8	− 2583	21.8	× 343 / 2165	3.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−4

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,549	2432.8	− 2432	0.8	× 299 / 2198	0.1
4	89,550	2476.2	− 2473	3.2	× 303 / 2198	0.4
5	89,551	2519.5	− 2502	17.5	× 293 / 2198	2.3
6	89,552	2494.9	− 2531	−36.1	× 321 / 2198	−5.3
7	89,553	2520.0	− 2552	−32	× 301 / 2198	−4.4
8	89,554	2538.9	− 2567	−28.1	× 319 / 2198	−4.1
11	89,555	2612.1	− 2583	29.1	× 362 / 2198	4.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−6

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,506	2444.4	− 2432	12.4	× 330 / 2201	1.9
4	89,507	2460.3	− 2473	−12.7	× 313 / 2201	−1.8
5	89,508	2524.7	− 2502	22.7	× 317 / 2201	3.3
6	89,509	2523.5	− 2531	−7.5	× 292 / 2201	−1
7	89,510	2537.5	− 2552	−14.5	× 326 / 2201	−2.1
8	89,511	2542.0	− 2567	−25	× 298 / 2201	−3.4
11	89,512	2600.5	− 2583	17.5	× 325 / 2201	2.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−1

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,214	2449.0	− 2432	17	× 291 / 2224	2.2
4	89,215	2498.7	− 2473	25.7	× 334 / 2224	3.9
5	89,216	2519.8	− 2502	17.8	× 317 / 2224	2.5
6	89,217	2520.0	− 2531	−11	× 324 / 2224	−1.6
7	89,218	2554.5	− 2552	2.5	× 298 / 2224	0.3
8	89,219	2562.3	− 2567	−4.7	× 316 / 2224	−0.7
11	89,220	2594.8	− 2583	11.8	× 344 / 2224	1.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						9

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	88,905	2447.7	− 2432	15.7	× 297 / 2233	2.1
4	88,906	2482.6	− 2473	9.6	× 296 / 2233	1.3
5	88,907	2539.3	− 2502	37.3	× 338 / 2233	5.6
6	88,908	2514.8	− 2531	−16.2	× 335 / 2233	−2.4
7	88,909	2552.1	− 2552	0.1	× 319 / 2233	0
8	88,910	2579.7	− 2567	12.7	× 296 / 2233	1.7
11	88,911	2606.7	− 2583	23.7	× 352 / 2233	3.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						12

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 17, 7, 11, −1, 15, 136, −4, −6, −1, 9, 12 → 17.7
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 10 · 2016→2017: 4 · 2017→2018: 12 · 2018→2019: 16 · 2019→2021: 121 · 2021→2022: 140 · 2022→2023: 2 · 2023→2024: 5 · 2024→2025: 10 · 2025→2026: 3 → average 32.3
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 32.3 × 2.66 = 85.9. Upper limit 103.6, lower limit −68.2.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.

Benicia Unified