Sunnyvale: english

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	89,457	2431.1	− 2432	−0.9	× 833 / 4065	−0.2
4	89,460	2474.4	− 2473	1.4	× 719 / 4065	0.2
5	89,461	2517.7	− 2502	15.7	× 694 / 4065	2.7
6	89,464	2538.0	− 2531	7	× 604 / 4065	1
7	89,465	2553.0	− 2552	1	× 616 / 4065	0.2
8	89,468	2577.2	− 2567	10.2	× 599 / 4065	1.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						5

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	82,957	2435.0	− 2432	3	× 719 / 4051	0.5
4	82,959	2484.0	− 2473	11	× 790 / 4051	2.1
5	82,961	2522.4	− 2502	20.4	× 699 / 4051	3.5
6	82,964	2554.9	− 2531	23.9	× 605 / 4051	3.6
7	82,966	2571.0	− 2552	19	× 614 / 4051	2.9
8	82,967	2583.3	− 2567	16.3	× 624 / 4051	2.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						15

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,272	2447.8	− 2432	15.8	× 741 / 4038	2.9
4	85,274	2478.4	− 2473	5.4	× 684 / 4038	0.9
5	85,276	2520.5	− 2502	18.5	× 735 / 4038	3.4
6	85,278	2540.5	− 2531	9.5	× 678 / 4038	1.6
7	85,280	2571.3	− 2552	19.3	× 574 / 4038	2.7
8	85,282	2589.7	− 2567	22.7	× 626 / 4038	3.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						15

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,490	2451.0	− 2432	19	× 684 / 4003	3.2
4	85,491	2498.9	− 2473	25.9	× 725 / 4003	4.7
5	85,494	2518.9	− 2502	16.9	× 665 / 4003	2.8
6	85,495	2544.1	− 2531	13.1	× 694 / 4003	2.3
7	85,498	2563.2	− 2552	11.2	× 665 / 4003	1.9
8	85,499	2586.3	− 2567	19.3	× 570 / 4003	2.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						18

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,077	2453.8	− 2432	21.8	× 680 / 4020	3.7
4	86,078	2497.1	− 2473	24.1	× 671 / 4020	4
5	86,079	2540.9	− 2502	38.9	× 722 / 4020	7
6	86,080	2537.1	− 2531	6.1	× 621 / 4020	0.9
7	86,081	2570.5	− 2552	18.5	× 668 / 4020	3.1
8	86,082	2577.5	− 2567	10.5	× 658 / 4020	1.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						20

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,296	2441.1	− 2432	9.1	× 590 / 3342	1.6
4	86,297	2475.3	− 2473	2.3	× 607 / 3342	0.4
5	86,298	2533.4	− 2502	31.4	× 615 / 3342	5.8
6	86,299	2520.5	− 2531	−10.5	× 486 / 3342	−1.5
7	86,300	2565.7	− 2552	13.7	× 488 / 3342	2
8	86,301	2582.6	− 2567	15.6	× 556 / 3342	2.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						11

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,210	2449.2	− 2432	17.2	× 622 / 3321	3.2
4	86,211	2475.8	− 2473	2.8	× 580 / 3321	0.5
5	86,212	2514.8	− 2502	12.8	× 604 / 3321	2.3
6	86,213	2535.1	− 2531	4.1	× 533 / 3321	0.7
7	86,214	2547.5	− 2552	−4.5	× 484 / 3321	−0.7
8	86,215	2576.0	− 2567	9	× 498 / 3321	1.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						7

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	86,200	2446.1	− 2432	14.1	× 589 / 3414	2.4
4	86,201	2485.0	− 2473	12	× 606 / 3414	2.1
5	86,202	2515.5	− 2502	13.5	× 574 / 3414	2.3
6	86,203	2534.5	− 2531	3.5	× 573 / 3414	0.6
7	86,204	2560.6	− 2552	8.6	× 548 / 3414	1.4
8	86,205	2557.5	− 2567	−9.5	× 524 / 3414	−1.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						7

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,888	2435.0	− 2432	3	× 594 / 3484	0.5
4	85,889	2489.2	− 2473	16.2	× 596 / 3484	2.8
5	85,890	2525.5	− 2502	23.5	× 613 / 3484	4.1
6	85,891	2532.1	− 2531	1.1	× 543 / 3484	0.2
7	85,892	2562.1	− 2552	10.1	× 576 / 3484	1.7
8	85,893	2577.3	− 2567	10.3	× 562 / 3484	1.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						11

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	85,645	2446.7	− 2432	14.7	× 591 / 3500	2.5
4	85,646	2475.6	− 2473	2.6	× 599 / 3500	0.4
5	85,647	2530.0	− 2502	28	× 604 / 3500	4.8
6	85,648	2530.8	− 2531	−0.2	× 566 / 3500	0
7	85,649	2556.2	− 2552	4.2	× 554 / 3500	0.7
8	85,650	2577.4	− 2567	10.4	× 586 / 3500	1.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						10

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 5, 15, 15, 18, 20, 11, 7, 7, 11, 10 → 11.9
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 10 · 2016→2017: 0 · 2017→2018: 3 · 2018→2019: 2 · 2019→2022: 9 · 2022→2023: 4 · 2023→2024: 0 · 2024→2025: 4 · 2025→2026: 1 → average 3.7
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 3.7 × 2.66 = 9.8. Upper limit 21.7, lower limit 2.1.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.

Sunnyvale