Lawless Elementary: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Measured against the grade bars

The state's English test uses one scale for every grade, so a score means the same thing in grade 3 as in grade 6.

3rd The average 3rd grader scores 28 points under the grade 3 bar. 2405 vs. 2432.
4th The average 4th grader scores just under the grade 3 bar. 2428 vs. 2432. The 4th-grade bar is 2473.
5th The average 5th grader scores 13 points under the grade 4 bar. 2461 vs. 2473. The 5th-grade bar is 2502.
6th The average 6th grader scores 11 points under the grade 5 bar. 2491 vs. 2502. The 6th-grade bar is 2531.

2026 results. The English test covers reading, writing, listening and research together. "Meets standard" is the state's mark for being on track for that grade.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	11,125	2371.0	− 2432	−61	× 73 / 273	−16.3
4	11,126	2375.6	− 2473	−97.4	× 61 / 273	−21.8
5	11,129	2455.6	− 2502	−46.4	× 67 / 273	−11.4
6	11,130	2479.3	− 2531	−51.7	× 72 / 273	−13.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−63

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,143	2382.3	− 2432	−49.7	× 72 / 274	−13.1
4	10,144	2399.9	− 2473	−73.1	× 77 / 274	−20.5
5	10,146	2450.9	− 2502	−51.1	× 58 / 274	−10.8
6	10,148	2463.0	− 2531	−68	× 67 / 274	−16.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−61

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,470	2388.8	− 2432	−43.2	× 71 / 276	−11.1
4	10,473	2402.9	− 2473	−70.1	× 75 / 276	−19
5	10,474	2457.0	− 2502	−45	× 71 / 276	−11.6
6	10,476	2493.2	− 2531	−37.8	× 59 / 276	−8.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−50

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,483	2416.6	− 2432	−15.4	× 67 / 285	−3.6
4	10,485	2418.1	− 2473	−54.9	× 77 / 285	−14.8
5	10,487	2469.1	− 2502	−32.9	× 67 / 285	−7.7
6	10,489	2472.1	− 2531	−58.9	× 74 / 285	−15.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−41

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,558	2417.5	− 2432	−14.5	× 80 / 289	−4
4	10,559	2439.5	− 2473	−33.5	× 71 / 289	−8.2
5	10,560	2442.6	− 2502	−59.4	× 71 / 289	−14.6
6	10,561	2481.0	− 2531	−50	× 67 / 289	−11.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−38

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,551	2395.0	− 2432	−37	× 86 / 308	−10.3
4	10,552	2436.0	− 2473	−37	× 74 / 308	−8.9
5	10,553	2446.6	− 2502	−55.4	× 77 / 308	−13.9
6	10,554	2474.3	− 2531	−56.7	× 71 / 308	−13.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−46

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,539	2360.2	− 2432	−71.8	× 77 / 322	−17.2
4	10,540	2430.8	− 2473	−42.2	× 91 / 322	−11.9
5	10,541	2455.1	− 2502	−46.9	× 77 / 322	−11.2
6	10,542	2501.4	− 2531	−29.6	× 77 / 322	−7.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−47

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,505	2398.6	− 2432	−33.4	× 87 / 339	−8.6
4	10,506	2412.1	− 2473	−60.9	× 81 / 339	−14.6
5	10,507	2451.3	− 2502	−50.7	× 93 / 339	−13.9
6	10,508	2520.6	− 2531	−10.4	× 78 / 339	−2.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−39

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,482	2401.3	− 2432	−30.7	× 72 / 311	−7.1
4	10,483	2428.4	− 2473	−44.6	× 75 / 311	−10.8
5	10,484	2427.1	− 2502	−74.9	× 81 / 311	−19.5
6	10,485	2501.3	− 2531	−29.7	× 83 / 311	−7.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−45

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	10,514	2404.5	− 2432	−27.5	× 88 / 326	−7.4
4	10,515	2428.4	− 2473	−44.6	× 72 / 326	−9.9
5	10,516	2460.5	− 2502	−41.5	× 79 / 326	−10.1
6	10,517	2491.4	− 2531	−39.6	× 87 / 326	−10.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−38

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −63, −61, −50, −41, −38, −46, −47, −39, −45, −38 → −46.8
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 2 · 2016→2017: 11 · 2017→2018: 9 · 2018→2019: 3 · 2019→2022: 8 · 2022→2023: 1 · 2023→2024: 8 · 2024→2025: 6 · 2025→2026: 7 → average 6.1
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 6.1 × 2.66 = 16.2. Upper limit −30.6, lower limit −63.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.