Lincoln Elementary: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Measured against the grade bars

The state's English test uses one scale for every grade, so a score means the same thing in grade 3 as in grade 6.

3rd The average 3rd grader meets the grade 3 bar. 2450 vs. 2432.
4th The average 4th grader meets the grade 4 bar. 2480 vs. 2473.
5th The average 5th grader meets the grade 5 bar. 2512 vs. 2502.
6th The average 6th grader meets the grade 6 bar. 2580 vs. 2531.

2026 results. The English test covers reading, writing, listening and research together. "Meets standard" is the state's mark for being on track for that grade.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,977	2453.8	− 2432	21.8	× 106 / 388	6
4	9,978	2467.9	− 2473	−5.1	× 85 / 388	−1.1
5	9,981	2517.1	− 2502	15.1	× 113 / 388	4.4
6	9,982	2550.1	− 2531	19.1	× 84 / 388	4.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						13

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,028	2474.5	− 2432	42.5	× 95 / 380	10.6
4	9,031	2503.3	− 2473	30.3	× 103 / 380	8.2
5	9,033	2558.3	− 2502	56.3	× 73 / 380	10.8
6	9,034	2555.3	− 2531	24.3	× 109 / 380	7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						37

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,337	2474.9	− 2432	42.9	× 103 / 383	11.5
4	9,339	2507.6	− 2473	34.6	× 99 / 383	8.9
5	9,340	2566.5	− 2502	64.5	× 109 / 383	18.4
6	9,342	2566.6	− 2531	35.6	× 72 / 383	6.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						46

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,358	2471.2	− 2432	39.2	× 83 / 361	9
4	9,361	2524.3	− 2473	51.3	× 91 / 361	12.9
5	9,362	2557.0	− 2502	55	× 92 / 361	14
6	9,365	2574.0	− 2531	43	× 95 / 361	11.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						47

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,430	2480.2	− 2432	48.2	× 101 / 373	13.1
4	9,431	2526.7	− 2473	53.7	× 81 / 373	11.7
5	9,432	2544.7	− 2502	42.7	× 92 / 373	10.5
6	9,433	2559.6	− 2531	28.6	× 99 / 373	7.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						43

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,399	2434.1	− 2432	2.1	× 78 / 375	0.4
4	9,400	2481.6	− 2473	8.6	× 88 / 375	2
5	9,401	2528.9	− 2502	26.9	× 104 / 375	7.5
6	9,402	2551.5	− 2531	20.5	× 105 / 375	5.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						16

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,375	2473.7	− 2432	41.7	× 92 / 359	10.7
4	9,376	2478.0	− 2473	5	× 82 / 359	1.1
5	9,377	2514.7	− 2502	12.7	× 86 / 359	3
6	9,378	2539.9	− 2531	8.9	× 99 / 359	2.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						17

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,331	2446.3	− 2432	14.3	× 75 / 356	3
4	9,332	2511.9	− 2473	38.9	× 96 / 356	10.5
5	9,333	2498.7	− 2502	−3.3	× 90 / 356	−0.8
6	9,334	2550.9	− 2531	19.9	× 95 / 356	5.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						18

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,312	2447.4	− 2432	15.4	× 98 / 367	4.1
4	9,313	2482.9	− 2473	9.9	× 69 / 367	1.9
5	9,314	2528.9	− 2502	26.9	× 103 / 367	7.5
6	9,315	2547.5	− 2531	16.5	× 97 / 367	4.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						18

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	9,330	2450.2	− 2432	18.2	× 83 / 357	4.2
4	9,331	2479.6	− 2473	6.6	× 91 / 357	1.7
5	9,332	2511.8	− 2502	9.8	× 81 / 357	2.2
6	9,333	2580.1	− 2531	49.1	× 102 / 357	14
Sum, rounded to a whole point						22

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. 13, 37, 46, 47, 43, 16, 17, 18, 18, 22 → 27.7
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 24 · 2016→2017: 9 · 2017→2018: 1 · 2018→2019: 4 · 2019→2022: 27 · 2022→2023: 1 · 2023→2024: 1 · 2024→2025: 0 · 2025→2026: 4 → average 7.9
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 7.9 × 2.66 = 21. Upper limit 48.7, lower limit 6.7.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.