Knightsen Elementary: english

The shaded band is this district's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	6,439	2400.1	− 2432	−31.9	× 53 / 353	−4.8
4	6,440	2446.8	− 2473	−26.2	× 58 / 353	−4.3
5	6,443	2467.2	− 2502	−34.8	× 62 / 353	−6.1
6	6,444	2515.8	− 2531	−15.2	× 62 / 353	−2.7
7	6,447	2523.9	− 2552	−28.1	× 55 / 353	−4.4
8	6,448	2587.0	− 2567	20	× 63 / 353	3.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−19

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,816	2387.0	− 2432	−45	× 62 / 351	−7.9
4	5,818	2457.6	− 2473	−15.4	× 57 / 351	−2.5
5	5,820	2481.9	− 2502	−20.1	× 62 / 351	−3.6
6	5,822	2492.2	− 2531	−38.8	× 60 / 351	−6.6
7	5,824	2555.8	− 2552	3.8	× 61 / 351	0.7
8	5,827	2570.2	− 2567	3.2	× 49 / 351	0.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−20

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,952	2402.4	− 2432	−29.6	× 62 / 365	−5
4	5,954	2460.6	− 2473	−12.4	× 58 / 365	−2
5	5,957	2472.0	− 2502	−30	× 54 / 365	−4.4
6	5,959	2508.2	− 2531	−22.8	× 76 / 365	−4.7
7	5,960	2516.7	− 2552	−35.3	× 57 / 365	−5.5
8	5,962	2585.1	− 2567	18.1	× 58 / 365	2.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−19

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,946	2401.3	− 2432	−30.7	× 65 / 368	−5.4
4	5,949	2465.1	− 2473	−7.9	× 62 / 368	−1.3
5	5,950	2485.2	− 2502	−16.8	× 60 / 368	−2.7
6	5,953	2510.4	− 2531	−20.6	× 52 / 368	−2.9
7	5,954	2531.4	− 2552	−20.6	× 78 / 368	−4.4
8	5,957	2522.5	− 2567	−44.5	× 51 / 368	−6.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−23

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	6,006	2423.3	− 2432	−8.7	× 61 / 363	−1.5
4	6,007	2454.8	− 2473	−18.2	× 60 / 363	−3
5	6,008	2493.3	− 2502	−8.7	× 59 / 363	−1.4
6	6,009	2508.5	− 2531	−22.5	× 58 / 363	−3.6
7	6,010	2519.6	− 2552	−32.4	× 49 / 363	−4.4
8	6,011	2567.1	− 2567	0.1	× 76 / 363	0
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−14

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,887	2404.0	− 2432	−28	× 72 / 375	−5.4
4	5,888	2468.9	− 2473	−4.1	× 63 / 375	−0.7
5	5,889	2505.6	− 2502	3.6	× 70 / 375	0.7
6	5,890	2530.4	− 2531	−0.6	× 56 / 375	−0.1
7	5,891	2544.9	− 2552	−7.1	× 61 / 375	−1.2
8	5,892	2579.9	− 2567	12.9	× 53 / 375	1.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−5

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,877	2441.9	− 2432	9.9	× 57 / 381	1.5
4	5,878	2469.5	− 2473	−3.5	× 73 / 381	−0.7
5	5,879	2508.4	− 2502	6.4	× 66 / 381	1.1
6	5,880	2525.4	− 2531	−5.6	× 73 / 381	−1.1
7	5,881	2563.3	− 2552	11.3	× 54 / 381	1.6
8	5,882	2541.3	− 2567	−25.7	× 58 / 381	−3.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−1

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,814	2398.7	− 2432	−33.3	× 58 / 384	−5
4	5,815	2472.7	− 2473	−0.3	× 56 / 384	0
5	5,816	2476.7	− 2502	−25.3	× 77 / 384	−5.1
6	5,817	2548.8	− 2531	17.8	× 65 / 384	3
7	5,818	2548.5	− 2552	−3.5	× 74 / 384	−0.7
8	5,819	2583.5	− 2567	16.5	× 54 / 384	2.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−5

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,780	2421.3	− 2432	−10.7	× 81 / 430	−2
4	5,781	2469.7	− 2473	−3.3	× 65 / 430	−0.5
5	5,782	2476.5	− 2502	−25.5	× 65 / 430	−3.9
6	5,783	2507.3	− 2531	−23.7	× 85 / 430	−4.7
7	5,784	2568.6	− 2552	16.6	× 60 / 430	2.3
8	5,785	2571.4	− 2567	4.4	× 74 / 430	0.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−8

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,784	2434.6	− 2432	2.6	× 61 / 415	0.4
4	5,785	2456.6	− 2473	−16.4	× 78 / 415	−3.1
5	5,786	2496.3	− 2502	−5.7	× 65 / 415	−0.9
6	5,787	2520.0	− 2531	−11	× 65 / 415	−1.7
7	5,788	2547.1	− 2552	−4.9	× 87 / 415	−1
8	5,789	2605.4	− 2567	38.4	× 59 / 415	5.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−1

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −19, −20, −19, −23, −14, −5, −1, −5, −8, −1 → −11.5
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 1 · 2016→2017: 1 · 2017→2018: 4 · 2018→2019: 9 · 2019→2022: 9 · 2022→2023: 4 · 2023→2024: 4 · 2024→2025: 3 · 2025→2026: 7 → average 4.7
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 4.7 × 2.66 = 12.5. Upper limit 1, lower limit −24.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals — for a district, the total across its schools. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.

Knightsen Elementary