Mark Twain Elementary: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Measured against the grade bars

The state's English test uses one scale for every grade, so a score means the same thing in grade 3 as in grade 8.

3rd The average 3rd grader scores 50 points under the grade 3 bar. 2382 vs. 2432.
4th The average 4th grader scores 22 points under the grade 4 bar. 2451 vs. 2473.
5th The average 5th grader scores 20 points under the grade 4 bar. 2453 vs. 2473. The 5th-grade bar is 2502.
6th The average 6th grader scores 24 points under the grade 4 bar. 2449 vs. 2473. The 6th-grade bar is 2531.
7th The average 7th grader scores 14 points under the grade 7 bar. 2538 vs. 2552.
8th The average 8th grader scores 10 points under the grade 8 bar. 2557 vs. 2567.

2026 results. The English test covers reading, writing, listening and research together. "Meets standard" is the state's mark for being on track for that grade.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,486	2407.6	− 2432	−24.4	× 48 / 372	−3.1
4	5,487	2465.7	− 2473	−7.3	× 54 / 372	−1.1
5	5,490	2491.2	− 2502	−10.8	× 46 / 372	−1.3
6	5,491	2484.5	− 2531	−46.5	× 51 / 372	−6.4
7	5,494	2541.5	− 2552	−10.5	× 78 / 372	−2.2
8	5,496	2548.4	− 2567	−18.6	× 95 / 372	−4.8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−19

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,948	2391.5	− 2432	−40.5	× 51 / 378	−5.5
4	4,951	2436.8	− 2473	−36.2	× 50 / 378	−4.8
5	4,952	2482.1	− 2502	−19.9	× 55 / 378	−2.9
6	4,955	2530.3	− 2531	−0.7	× 51 / 378	−0.1
7	4,957	2535.8	− 2552	−16.2	× 84 / 378	−3.6
8	4,958	2564.3	− 2567	−2.7	× 87 / 378	−0.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−17

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,042	2426.7	− 2432	−5.3	× 52 / 369	−0.7
4	5,044	2429.4	− 2473	−43.6	× 51 / 369	−6
5	5,047	2461.8	− 2502	−40.2	× 50 / 369	−5.4
6	5,048	2510.3	− 2531	−20.7	× 57 / 369	−3.2
7	5,051	2545.9	− 2552	−6.1	× 79 / 369	−1.3
8	5,052	2530.1	− 2567	−36.9	× 80 / 369	−8
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−25

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,031	2418.8	− 2432	−13.2	× 43 / 369	−1.5
4	5,032	2459.0	− 2473	−14	× 57 / 369	−2.2
5	5,035	2480.5	− 2502	−21.5	× 48 / 369	−2.8
6	5,036	2485.5	− 2531	−45.5	× 49 / 369	−6
7	5,039	2539.9	− 2552	−12.1	× 95 / 369	−3.1
8	5,040	2525.6	− 2567	−41.4	× 77 / 369	−8.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−24

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	5,062	2411.2	− 2432	−20.8	× 37 / 341	−2.3
4	5,063	2447.5	− 2473	−25.5	× 41 / 341	−3.1
5	5,064	2489.0	− 2502	−13	× 54 / 341	−2.1
6	5,065	2464.1	− 2531	−66.9	× 52 / 341	−10.2
7	5,066	2512.3	− 2552	−39.7	× 78 / 341	−9.1
8	5,067	2573.0	− 2567	6	× 79 / 341	1.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−25

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,903	2380.5	− 2432	−51.5	× 41 / 296	−7.1
4	4,904	2413.5	− 2473	−59.5	× 44 / 296	−8.8
5	4,905	2476.6	− 2502	−25.4	× 41 / 296	−3.5
6	4,906	2511.4	− 2531	−19.6	× 41 / 296	−2.7
7	4,907	2511.4	− 2552	−40.6	× 71 / 296	−9.7
8	4,908	2556.4	− 2567	−10.6	× 58 / 296	−2.1
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−34

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,897	2342.6	− 2432	−89.4	× 44 / 311	−12.6
4	4,898	2384.5	− 2473	−88.5	× 46 / 311	−13.1
5	4,899	2420.7	− 2502	−81.3	× 48 / 311	−12.5
6	4,900	2453.9	− 2531	−77.1	× 50 / 311	−12.4
7	4,901	2495.2	− 2552	−56.8	× 68 / 311	−12.4
8	4,902	2529.1	− 2567	−37.9	× 55 / 311	−6.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−70

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,852	2357.4	− 2432	−74.6	× 61 / 351	−13
4	4,853	2399.3	− 2473	−73.7	× 46 / 351	−9.7
5	4,854	2408.9	− 2502	−93.1	× 51 / 351	−13.5
6	4,855	2432.9	− 2531	−98.1	× 48 / 351	−13.4
7	4,856	2503.1	− 2552	−48.9	× 84 / 351	−11.7
8	4,857	2494.5	− 2567	−72.5	× 61 / 351	−12.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−74

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,814	2398.9	− 2432	−33.1	× 32 / 339	−3.1
4	4,815	2427.5	− 2473	−45.5	× 57 / 339	−7.7
5	4,816	2440.3	− 2502	−61.7	× 40 / 339	−7.3
6	4,817	2453.4	− 2531	−77.6	× 53 / 339	−12.1
7	4,818	2525.8	− 2552	−26.2	× 70 / 339	−5.4
8	4,819	2546.2	− 2567	−20.8	× 87 / 339	−5.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−41

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,810	2381.6	− 2432	−50.4	× 53 / 325	−8.2
4	4,811	2451.0	− 2473	−22	× 34 / 325	−2.3
5	4,812	2452.7	− 2502	−49.3	× 55 / 325	−8.3
6	4,813	2448.6	− 2531	−82.4	× 37 / 325	−9.4
7	4,814	2538.2	− 2552	−13.8	× 76 / 325	−3.2
8	4,815	2556.6	− 2567	−10.4	× 70 / 325	−2.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−34

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −19, −17, −25, −24, −25, −34, −70, −74, −41, −34 → −36.3
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 2 · 2016→2017: 8 · 2017→2018: 1 · 2018→2019: 1 · 2019→2022: 9 · 2022→2023: 36 · 2023→2024: 4 · 2024→2025: 33 · 2025→2026: 7 → average 11.2
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 11.2 × 2.66 = 29.8. Upper limit −6.5, lower limit −66.1.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.