Durham Elementary: english

The shaded band is this school's normal range. If nothing about how it works changes, nearly every future year should land inside it. Zero means the typical student just meets the state standard. The small numbers under the years are how many students were tested.

Measured against the grade bars

The state's English test uses one scale for every grade, so a score means the same thing in grade 3 as in grade 5.

3rd The average 3rd grader meets the grade 3 bar. 2447 vs. 2432.
4th The average 4th grader meets the grade 4 bar. 2500 vs. 2473.
5th The average 5th grader scores 13 points under the grade 5 bar. 2489 vs. 2502.

2026 results. The English test covers reading, writing, listening and research together. "Meets standard" is the state's mark for being on track for that grade.

Step 1 · Each year's result

For each grade tested, take the average (mean) scale score from the California Department of Education's results file, and subtract the lowest score that counts as "Standard Met" for that grade. That is the grade's distance from standard. Weight each grade by its share of the students tested, then add the grades up. Grades where the state hides the average because ten or fewer students tested are left out entirely.

2015 from sb_ca2015_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,681	2409.9	− 2432	−22.1	× 65 / 206	−7
4	4,682	2477.8	− 2473	4.8	× 68 / 206	1.6
5	4,685	2490.9	− 2502	−11.1	× 73 / 206	−3.9
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−9

2016 from sb_ca2016_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,179	2418.7	− 2432	−13.3	× 72 / 206	−4.6
4	4,180	2479.0	− 2473	6	× 69 / 206	2
5	4,182	2538.2	− 2502	36.2	× 65 / 206	11.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						9

2017 from sb_ca2017_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,254	2412.5	− 2432	−19.5	× 79 / 223	−6.9
4	4,256	2472.1	− 2473	−0.9	× 74 / 223	−0.3
5	4,259	2506.2	− 2502	4.2	× 70 / 223	1.3
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−6

2018 from sb_ca2018_1_csv_v3.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,256	2391.2	− 2432	−40.8	× 73 / 237	−12.6
4	4,259	2475.6	− 2473	2.6	× 81 / 237	0.9
5	4,260	2519.7	− 2502	17.7	× 83 / 237	6.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−5

2019 from sb_ca2019_1_csv_v4.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,310	2429.9	− 2432	−2.1	× 88 / 258	−0.7
4	4,311	2450.6	− 2473	−22.4	× 78 / 258	−6.8
5	4,312	2511.1	− 2502	9.1	× 92 / 258	3.2
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−4

2021 from sb_ca2021_1_csv_v2.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,150	2433.8	− 2432	1.8	× 77 / 216	0.6
4	4,151	2437.1	− 2473	−35.9	× 67 / 216	−11.1
5	4,152	2515.5	− 2502	13.5	× 72 / 216	4.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−6

2022 from sb_ca2022_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,224	2413.4	− 2432	−18.6	× 72 / 212	−6.3
4	4,225	2459.1	− 2473	−13.9	× 78 / 212	−5.1
5	4,226	2486.8	− 2502	−15.2	× 62 / 212	−4.4
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−16

2023 from sb_ca2023_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,205	2425.1	− 2432	−6.9	× 67 / 213	−2.2
4	4,206	2466.1	− 2473	−6.9	× 73 / 213	−2.4
5	4,207	2533.2	− 2502	31.2	× 73 / 213	10.7
Sum, rounded to a whole point						6

2024 from sb_ca2024_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,170	2433.2	− 2432	1.2	× 78 / 220	0.4
4	4,171	2472.4	− 2473	−0.6	× 68 / 220	−0.2
5	4,172	2497.2	− 2502	−4.8	× 74 / 220	−1.6
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−1

2025 from sb_ca2025_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,124	2413.1	− 2432	−18.9	× 77 / 235	−6.2
4	4,125	2459.9	− 2473	−13.1	× 85 / 235	−4.7
5	4,126	2519.8	− 2502	17.8	× 73 / 235	5.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						−5

2026 from sb_ca2026_1_csv_v1.zip

Grade	Line in file	Average score	Standard Met	Distance	Students	Weighted
3	4,102	2447.3	− 2432	15.3	× 72 / 233	4.7
4	4,103	2499.6	− 2473	26.6	× 79 / 233	9
5	4,104	2489.3	− 2502	−12.7	× 82 / 233	−4.5
Sum, rounded to a whole point						9

Step 2 · The average and the normal range

Average: add the yearly results and divide by how many there are. −9, 9, −6, −5, −4, −6, −16, 6, −1, −5, 9 → −2.5
Typical year-to-year change: how far the result moved from each year to the next, ignoring up or down. 2015→2016: 18 · 2016→2017: 15 · 2017→2018: 1 · 2018→2019: 1 · 2019→2021: 2 · 2021→2022: 10 · 2022→2023: 22 · 2023→2024: 7 · 2024→2025: 4 · 2025→2026: 14 → average 9.4
Normal range: multiply the typical change by 2.66, then add it to the average and subtract it. 9.4 × 2.66 = 25. Upper limit 22.5, lower limit −27.5.

Why 2.66? It is the standard factor from quality control, the work of Walter Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. It turns "how much the result typically changes in a year" into "how far it can wander by chance alone".

Years with no result (no state tests were given in spring 2020) are skipped: the year-to-year change runs from the last year with a result to the next one.

Step 3 · Free or reduced-price meals

The share of enrolled students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. From 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25, 2025–26.